Schema & Schema Theory

A reflection of an object, event, or idea that exists in the mind

• Mental Representation

• Top Down Processing

• Stimuli

• Cognition

A cognitive framework; a cluster or related pieces of knowledge, information, or memory; a mental structure that organizes information in our mind.

• Assimilation

• Accomodation

• Schema

• Schema Theory

Schema theory predicts that schemas can help us to:

• Make useful generalizations about situations, people and places.

• Make sense of complex information in the world we live in

• Save or reduce cognitive energy or resources

• All of the answers are correct

Some of the key problems with schemas could be:

• Confirmation bias

• Stereotyping

• Overgeneralizing

• All of the answers are correct

Match the following

• Academic Performance

• Bransford & Johnson (1972)

• Waitress & Librarian

• Cohen (1981)

• Laundry Process

• Darley & Gross (1983)

• Basketball Players

• Stone (2010)

If the title of a passage about doing laundry was shown ​BEFORE listening to the story then the mean number of details remembered was (a)   . However, if the title was given AFTER listening to the story then the mean number of details about the story was ​ (b)  

• 5.8
• 2.6

Match the following

• Individual

• Social Schema

• Situation or occurence

• Object Schema

• Physical Thing

• Self Schema

• Groups

• Event Schema

Schema processing is thought to be a ​ (a)   process. This suggests that existing information or beliefs has an impact on what we perceive. ​ (b)   processing explains that we construct our perceptions through our senses.

• Top down
• Bottom up
• Mental

Most psychologists currently believe that humans are​ (a)   processors of information. They used to believe that humans were ​ (b)   processors and thought that the mind worked like a digital recorded.

• active
• passive
• selective
• schema

Many research studies on schemas attempt to measure and compare the differences in cognition before and after intentional...

• Bias

• Passive Processing

• Selective Attention

• Schema Activation