Conservation of Energy

What is the scientific meaning of energy?

• anything that has mass

• the ability to cause change

• anything that cannot be seen

• the property of something to take up space

Which of these is an example of the conversion of gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy?

• a person running on a level track

• an apple falling from a tree to the ground

• a wind-up spring making a toy car move acroos the floor

• a rubber band being stretched to twice its normal length

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Mechanical energy is the sum of two types of energy-kinetic energy and potential energy of position. Which of the following is an example of an object that has kinetic energy?

• a snail crawling across a leaf

• a computer monitor sitting on a desk

• a tightly wound spring in a windup toy

• a roller coaster car just before it goes downhill

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Matt and Kim use bowling balls with different masses. If they both roll their bowling balls at exactly the same speed, which claim could be supported by the evidence?

• The bowling ball with less mass has more kinetic energy.

• The bowling ball with more mass has more kinetic energy.

• The kinetic energies of the two bowling balls are the same.

• There is not enough information to compare the kinetic energies.

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Which of these is an example of the conversion of kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy?

• a bicyclist coasting down a long hill

• a car engine moving the car forward

• a roller coaster car moving toward the top of a rise in the tracks

• a thrown ball falling toward the ground after passing through the top part of its motion

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The International Space Station revolves around Earth at a constant distance above Earth's surface. Which of the following claims about the energy of the station is true?

• It has no energy because it is stationary.

• It has potential energy but does not have kinetic energy.

• It has kinetic energy but does not have potential energy.

• It has both potential energy and kinetic energy.

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Which of these is an example of the conversion of elastic potential energy into kinetic energy?

• a person running on a level track

• an apple falling from a tree to the ground

• a windup spring making a toy car move across the floor

• a rubber band that is being stretched to twice its normal length

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of these is an example of kinetic energy?

• wind blowing

• water in a glass

• a can of vegetables

• the walls of a building

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Which of the following demonstrates an airplane converting kinetic to potential energy?

• It ascends to a higher altitude.

• More passengers board the plane.

• It moves downward to make a landing.

• The wheels spin as it moves on the ground.

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Ignacio uses a hammer to hit a nail into a board on the floor. How does gravity make it easier to hammer the nail?

• Gravity pushes the board up to help the nail go in.

• Gravity pulls the board and the nail toward each other.

• Gravity pulls the hammer down so that it pushes on the nail.

• Gravity pulls the nail down but does not pull on the hammer.

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