Ch. 16 Test Review

Match the following

• one of the most serious consequences of coal mining

• alloy

• used when shallow ore deposits are located near the Earth's surface

• open-pit mining

• two or more metals combined

• underground mine fires

• used for large ore deposits near the surface

• surface mining

• used to recover gold from ancient riverbeds

• hydraulic mining

Match the following

• what hot, subsurface waters must contain in order to be considered hydrothermal solutions

• dissolved minerals

• a water contaminant that can cause acid mine drainage

• flux

• a process used by mining companies to identify areas where they may be valuable mineral resources

• evaporites

• salts left behind after evaporation

• sulfuric acid

• material that bonds with impurities and separates them from molten metal during smelting

• mineral exploration

Crushed ore is melted at high temperatures to separate impurities from molten metal during _________________.

• open-pit mining

• hydrothermal solution mining

• smelting

• dredging

Stream placers often occur ​ (a)  

• at bends in rivers.
• in empty river beds
• where rivers meet lakes
• where sediments are discharged

Which of the following would not be considered an aggregate?

• sea glass

• sand

• gravel

• crushed rock

The process by which land sinks with little or no horizontal movement is know as ​ (a)  

• subsidence
• compounding
• quarrying
• reclamation

Minerals are arranged in a regular, repeating geometric pattern of ________.

• atoms

• aggregates

• metals

• evaporites

Which of the following is not a method of subsurface mining?​ (a)  

• open-pit mining
• room-and-pillar mining
• long wall mining
• solution mining

From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining?

• state and federal agencies

• federal agencies only

• local governments only

• a bonding company

Gangue minerals ​ (a)  

• have no commercial value
• are valued for their rarity and durability
• are the most difficult of all materials to mine
• are native elements