Evidence of Evolution 23

What is the term for body parts that are similar in structure but have different functions and suggests that organisms share common ancestry?

• vestigial structures

• homologous structures

• embryos

• fossils

The study of early developmental structures in various organisms to determine relatedness.

• natural selection

• embryology

• speciation

• evolution

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequences

• exactly the same DNA sequences

• no proteins in common

• completely different DNA sequences

Which layer is the youngest

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?

• the wings of a red-tailed hawk

• the hind limbs of a house cat

• the fins of sharks

• the tailbone of a human

The fact that both these mammals incubate their immature offspring in a pouch provides evidence that they-

• Belong to the same species

• Must range great distances to eat

• Have very similar skeletal structures

• Are descended from a common ancestor

What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

• The bones are analogous structures to the fins of living fish.

• The bones are vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor.

• The bones are homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.

• The bones are fossil structures from an extinct ancestor.

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands, observed traits in finches, and came up with the theory of natural selection?

• Alfred Russell Wallace

• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

• Carolus Linnaeus

• Charles Darwin

Amino acid sequences can be compared to determine relationships between species. When comparing the sequences provided, which two organisms are humans most closely related to?

• horses and gorillas

• gorillas and chimpanzees

• chimpanzees and zebras

• zebras and horses

The three species pictured do not share a common ancestor, yet have evolved to have a similar anatomy and life style. This is an example of ?

• Homologous Structures

• Divergent Evolution

• Vestigial Organs

• Convergent Evolution