Motivation and Emotion

What is drive?

• part of the autonomic nervous system

• a self-adjusting process

• a lack of something that one requires

• a force that pushes a person to act

Change in the physiological factors controlled by the autonomic nervous system is called

• Pheromones

• Instinct

• Stimulus

• Arousal

________________ created a hierarchy of needs to explain human behavior and motivation.

• Gestalt psychologists

• Sigmund Fraud

• Abraham Maslow

• Clark Hull

What is the top level of the hierarchy of needs?

• Physiological

• Social

• Self Actualization

• Esteem

Motivation is defined by psychologists as

• an external reward or goal that pushes a person toward accomplishments.

• a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.

• the cause of behavior.

• rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of all people.

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance of genetic predispositions?

• drive-reduction theory

• instinct theory

• hierarchy of needs theory

• arousal theory

Positive and negative environmental stimuli that motivate behavior are called

• needs.

• set point.

• incentives.

• instincts.

Homeostasis, which is the goal of drive reduction, is defined as

• the body's tendency to maintain a constant internal state.

• a physical need that usually triggers motivational arousal.

• an aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need.

• a desire to perform behavior in return for rewards.

Hunger controls are located within the brain's

• amygdala

• hypothalamus

• medulla

• hippocampus

Motivational theory that focuses on internal states of tension, such as hunger, that motivate us to pursue actions that reduce tension

• Drive reduction theory
• Instinct theory
• Arousal theory
• Incentive theory