Matter and Energy in Earth Systems

Define: Atmosphere

• A layer of gas or layers of gases that envelop a planet, and is held in place by the gravity of the planetary body.

• One of the main components of Earth's interdependent physical systems is the atmosphere

• The relatively thin layer of gases that forms Earth’s outermost laye

• An undefined space or location; can be large or small.

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Define: Geosphere

• Eyobe :(

• The densest parts of Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core

• Any of the almost spherical concentric regions of matter that make up the earth and its atmosphere, as the lithosphere and hydrosphere.

• The Earth!

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Define: Hydrosphere

• Poke'mon

• Waters on the earth's surface,

• Only 0.3% of the freshwater in the Earth's hydrosphere is easily accessible by humans

• The portion of Earth that consists of water in any of its forms, including oceans, glaciers, rivers, lakes, groundwater and water vapor.

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Define: Cryosphere

• The portion of the hydrosphere that is frozen, including all the ice and snow on land, plus sea and lake ice.

• Tears of joy!

• An all-encompassing term for those portions of Earth's surface

• Glaciers, which include alpine glaciers, ice caps, and the ice sheets that cover Greenland and Antarctica.

Define: Biosphere

• Macroscopic life forms

• Something we study in biology!

• The parts of Earth that contain living organisms.

• The biosphere extends from the deepest root systems of trees, to the dark environments of ocean trenches, to lush rain forests, high mountaintops, and transition zones like this one, where ocean and terrestrial ecosystems meet.

Define: Energy

• Mechanical, chemical, thermal, or nuclear, and can be transformed from one form to another.

• The ability to do work or cause change.

• The application of force

• Duke!

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Define: System

• To mention as a possibility; to allude to.

• A process in which mapmakers determine distances and elevations using instruments and the principles of geometry.

• A group of parts that work together as a whole

• A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized framework or method.

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Define: Feedback

• Microphone, or other device to the input of the same device

• The modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects, e.g., in a biochemical pathway or behavioral response.

• A loop in which a signal or action triggers another signal or action.

• Information about reactions to a product, a person's performance of a task, etc. which is used as a basis for improvement

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The earth has two main sources of energy. What are they ?

Which part of each sphere do you interact with in your daily life? Give one example for each of the main spheres.

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