CJ 350 Ch. 02

One of the most important roles of theory is that it is ______.

• testable

• false

• unpredictable

• deductive

A(n) ______ is a characteristic or property that can vary.

• constant

• variable

• hypothesis

• construct

When a researcher begins with theory on the Research Circle and then tests hypotheses, he/she is using ______ reasoning.

• inductive

• deductive

• constructive

• applicative

The ______ is the extent to which it can be used to inform us about persons, places, or events that were not studied.

• reliability

• generalizability

• comprehensivity

• validity

The primary source of research questions for many researchers is ______.

• personal experience

• scientific troubles

• theory

• criminological evaluation

The motive for inductive research is ______.

• description

• exploration

• explanation

• application

A variable that is to change depending on the variation in another variable is known as a(n) ______ variable.

• independent

• dependent

• inductive

• deductive

The first concern in criminological research is deciding ______.

• how to study something

• how expensive a study would have to be in order to be good

• how expansive a study would have to be in order to be feasible

• what to study

What is meant by “every research question in criminology should be grounded in the existing empirical literature?”

• the questions must be built on a constantly shifting body of literature

• research must be based on what others before us have done on the topic

• it cannot rely on a substantial body of contradictory theories

• theory cannot be a rich source of research questions

A(n) ______ is a tentative statement about empirical reality involving the relationship between two or more variables.

• research circle

• constant

• anomalous finding

• hypothesis