Earth's Changing Landscape

Convection is powered by heat coming from which part of the Earth?

• Sun

• Crust

• Ocean

• Core

People increase erosion in forested areas by

• Cutting down trees

• tilling the soil

• polluting the air

• planting invasive species

Sediments are composed of particles that often come from existing rocks. How are these particles produced?

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Gravity

What do we call a landform that is formed at the mouth of a river from the deposition of sediment carried by the river as the water flows?

• a dune

• a delta

• a fault

• a plateau

Sedimentary rock is formed when rock fragments, minerals, and the remains of plants and animals are deposited as sediments and are then

• Melted due to increased temperature and pressure

• Compacted and cemented together

• Chemically weathered by water

• recrystallized under the weight of the layers

This type of soil is a mixture of sand, silt, and clay.

• subsoil

• loam

• humus

• topsoil

Which letter in the rock cycle diagram represents metamorphic rock?

• A

• B

• D

• E

Which set of characteristics best describes igneous rock?

• largest type of rock, made of organic matter, hardest type of rock

• found on all continents, contains wavy bands of stripes, contains fossils

• least abundant type of rock, made of other rocks, made mostly of minerals

• most abundant type in Earth's crust, made of magma/lava, contains no fossils

The orderly internal structure or regular pattern of a mineral is called it's what?

• Crystal structure

• hardness

• specific gravity

• cleavage furrow

Which best describes the formation of metamorphic rock?

• They are formed through the cooling and hardening of magma or lava, both below Earth's surface or on Earth's surface as volcanic rocks.

• They are formed by deposited sediment, usually at the bottom of lakes and oceans, that is compressed over time into solid layers of rock.

• They can be formed from any of the three rock types, withstanding high temperatures and pressures, and forming new minerals without melting.

• They are formed as extreme weather elements, like tornadoes and floods, break down mountains and other rock landforms into smaller pieces.