Unit 2 Review- Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics (2023)

This moment magnitude scale measures:

• the amount of radon gas released

• the movement of plates

• the strength of an earthquake

• the weight of tectonic plates

Earthquakes can be severe along the San Andreas Fault in Southern California, but volcanoes are nonexistent. Which statement BEST explains this pattern?

• The crust is thin and weak at the location of this fault

• The material along this fault is smooth and fine grained.

• The material in the mantle solidified due to cooling under this fault.

• The crustal plates slide along each other without subducting at this fault

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

A volcano found in the center of a tectonic plate tends to be a result of which phenomenon?

• strong earthquake

• activity at hot spot

• pressure in thick sediments that produces heat

• unusually excessive erosion that wears away at bedrock

A volcano releases a towering plume of toxic ash and gases into the atmosphere. Which of these would best allow scientists to warn officials of a need for evacuation of people living far away from the volcano?

• computer modeling of movement of the atmosphere

• an accurate measurement of the height of the volcano

• a careful count of the number of people living near the volcano

• an estimate of the number of gas masks available for emergency personnel

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A lahar is a mixture of water and rock fragments that can flow down a volcano after an eruption. Based on the characteristics of their adjacent volcanoes, which of these areas would have the lowest probability of experiencing a lahar after an eruption?

• a farmstead in Iceland, near volcanoes and massive glaciers

• a city in Colombia, next to a volcano with a snow-covered peak

• a ranch in Hawaii, near a volcano that is rising up from the ocean floor

• a town in Washington state, next to volcanic ranges and a large river valley

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Where are most volcanoes located?

• at divergent boundaries, transform boundaries, and hot spots

• at convergent boundaries, divergent boundaries, and hot spots

• at convergent boundaries, hot spots, and transform boundaries

• at divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

The diagram below shows the locations of several volcanic mountains on the big island of Hawaii. Which two volcanic mountain summits are closest to 50 kilometers apart?

• Hualalai and Kilauea

• Kilauea and Mauna Kea

• Mauna Kea and Kohala

• Mauna Loa and Kohala

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Tectonic motion caused tension between plates in Earth’s crust. A sudden release of this energy occurred. Based on this information, which event happened?

• subsidence

• earthquake

• volcanic eruption

• meteoroid impact

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A topographic map of part of Arizona is shown below. Which of the labeled points on the map has the steepest slope?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

On the ocean floor, there are long mountain ranges called mid-ocean ridges. Which description explains how these geological structures were formed?

• a transform boundary where one oceanic plate slides past another oceanic plate

• a divergent boundary where two oceanic plates move apart from one another

• a convergent boundary where an oceanic plate sinks beneath a continental plate

• a convergent boundary where an oceanic plate sinks beneath another oceanic plate

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3