ap lang midterm

The listeners, viewers, or readers of the text.

• Faulty Analogy
• Audience
• Anaphora
• Pathos

An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable; usually accompanied by a refutation

• Argument
• Concession
• Second Hand Evidence
• Claim of Policy

Meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition (or denotation). Usually either positive or negative and effect author's tone.

• Connotation
• Personification
• Rebuttle
• Inversion

The circumstances, atmosphere, and attitudes and events surrounding a text

• Context
• Asyndeton
• Cumulative Sentence
• Audience

An opposing argument to the one the writer is putting forward; should be addressed through concession and refutation.

• Counterargument
• Periodic Sentence
• Ad Hominem
• Speaker

Greek for "character". Speakers appeal to this to demonstrate that they are credible and trustworthy to speak on a given topic. It is established by both who you are and what you say.

• Ethos
• Circular Reasoning
• Juxtoposition
• Anaphora

Greek for "embodied thought". Speakers appeal to logic and reason using facts, examples, and statistics.

• Antimetabole
• Rhetorical Question
• Alliteration
• Logos

The time and place a speech is given or a piece is written

• Appeal to false authority.
• Antithesis
• Induction
• Occasion

Greek for "suffering" and "experience". Speakers appeal to emotion through the audience's values

• Hortative Sentence
• Pathos
• Archaic Diction
• Deduction

Greek for "mask". The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience

• Induction
• First Hand Evidence
• Context
• Persona