History

(1588- 1679) Believed people are evil and selfish. We should have absolute monarchs. (Early social contract). Wrote a book called Leviathan Monsteiz.

• John Locke

• Hobbes

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

(1632-1704) Father of modern political thought. Natural rights (Life, Liberty, Property). It's the governments job to protect these.

• Voltaire

• Rousseau

• John Locke

• Beccaria

(1689- 1755) Seperation of powers. Checks and balances. Branches of government.

• Hobbes

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

• Montesquieu

(1712-1778) Social contract. Government + People.

• Beccaria

• Voltaire

• Rousseau

• John Locke

(1694-1778) States V church. Tolerance.

• Montesquieu

• Hobbes

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

(1738-1794) The accused have rights. (Fair trial, right to face you accuser, punishment fits the crime). Innocent until proven guilty. Constitution - 6th (fair trial), 8th (cruel & unusual punishments)

• Beccaria

• Voltaire

• Wollstonecraft

• Montesquieu

(1759-1797) Equality for woman

• Beccaria

• Hobbes

• Wollstonecraft

• John Locke

Who is more involved

• Bach

• Mozart

Ruled Prussia. he called himself the first servant of the state. He studied with Voltaire for three years beginning in 1749. Voltaire is credited with giving him the name Frederick the Great. Under his rule there was more religious toleration and greater freedom of the press. He also outlawed torture.

• Fredrick the Great

• Catherine the Great

• Joseph ll

Ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796. They believed in Enlightenment ideas and set guidelines based on the theories of Montesquieu. They opened hospitals and schools, including one for girls, and supported the arts. When surfs rebelled, they took away the reforms and gave the nobles absolute power over the serfs.

• Joseph ll

• Fredrick the Great

• Catherine the Great