Genetics, DNA & Reproduction review

Joseph created a punnet square.

Which of the following correctly states the offspring probabilities?

• 100% heterozygous

• 50% heterozygous, 50% homozygous dominant

• 50% heterozygous, 50% homozygous recessive

• 75% homozygous dominant, 25% homozygous recessive

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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Amy and Jose noticed that some puppies had a variety of black and white coat colors. Which of the following best explains why these puppies had inherited different coat colors?

• The puppies receive different combinations of DNA from both of their parents.

• The puppies randomly receive DNA that is not influenced by their parents.

• The puppies randomly receive DNA from only one of their parents.

• The puppies receive an exact copy of both parent's DNA.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

The pedigree below shows a two generation family. Both parents carry the trait but only one presents the trait.

Based on the information shown in the pedigree, what is the probability of individual II-1 being heterozygous?

• 25%

• 50%

• 100%

• 75%

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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Two individuals that are heterozygous for curly hair reproduce. What is the probability that their offspring will express the recessive trait of straight hair?

• 25%

• 0%

• 75%

• 50%

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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The picture below is a single-celled protist undergoing reproduction resulting in two identical cells.

Which statement below describes this process?

• Asexual reproduction by meiosis.

• Asexual reproduction by mitosis.

• Sexual reproduction by mitosis.

• Sexual reproduction by meiosis.

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Some fungi are able to reproduce both sexually and asexually. Which type of reproduction would best benefit the fungi if the environment is changing?

• Sexual reproduction can produce many offspring quickly in a changing environment.

• Asexual reproduction can occur quickly, so it wouldn't matter if the environment changes.

• Sexual reproduction would produce genetically different offspring which gives the fungi a greater chance to survive.

• Asexual reproduction would produce genetically identical offspring which gives the fungi a greater chance to survive.

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How do the structures in the image below play a role in heredity?

• Genes determine the type of DNA we will receive from our parents which are located on our chromosomes.

• Traits produce DNA when reproduction occurs passing genes to the next generation.

• DNA produces genes which are types of cells located in the chromosome.

• Chromosomes contain DNA where the genes that store the information about our traits are located.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which of the following correctly describes the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

• Meiosis produces four genetically different cells and mitosis produces two genetically identical cells.

• Mitosis produces four genetically different cells and meiosis produces two genetically identical cells.

• Meiosis produces two genetically identical cells and mitosis produces two genetically different cells.

• Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells and meiosis produces two genetically different cells.

The two major kinds of reproduction are ____________ and ____________.

• Asexual & sexual

• Division & multiplication

• Fragmentation & budding

• Linear & non-linear

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NGSS.MS-LS3-2

____________ reproduction involves one parent, & produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent & to each other.

• Asexual

• Sexual

• Division

• Multiplication

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