What causes unconformities?

sediment is not deposited for a period of time

sediment is deposited too quickly

rock layers stay in place for too long

What information is needed to determine half-life?

the half-life of the unstable particles

the half-life of the stable particles

Jacob has one older brother and one younger sister. He wants to explain relative dating to them using their ages as an example. Which statement describes their ages using relative dating?

Jacob is younger than his brother but older than his sister.

They are all about the same age.

The boys have different ages from the girl.

The diagram shows one kind of radioactive decay that is used for dating. Which statement best describes what information is needed to determine the age of a rock sample using this type of dating method?

the relative amounts of uranium-238 and lead-206

the exact mass of uranium-238 in the sample

the amount of lead-206 present in the sample

the energy being released by the uranium-238

Which method of finding the relative age of rocks do scientists often use?

A sedimentary rock layer in its original position is older than the layers above it and younger than the layers below it.

Igneous rock is older than nearby sedimentary rock, which is older than nearby metamorphic rock.

Metamorphic rock is older than nearby sedimentary rock because sedimentary rock is deposited before metamorphic rock forms.

The exact age of a sedimentary rock layer can be found using the layers above and below it, even if the layers are not in their original positions.

Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old. How do scientists determine this?

using absolute dating techniques on meteorites

measuring the age of the oldest fossils

measuring the age of the oldest glaciers

determining the chemical composition of sea-floor sediments

Which statement best describes an index fossil?

a fossil used to establish the absolute age of a rock layer

a fossil of an animal captured in ice

a fossil of an insect captured in amber

a fossil formed in soft sediment by the movement of an animal

Basalt is a gray or black igneous rock. Pilar uses an absolute dating method to study a sample of basalt. Which phrase indicates the age of the rock in years?

age of the index fossil in the rock

Which sentence best describes the process of relative dating?

Younger fossils are on top of older fossils.

Older fossils are on top of younger fossils.

Radioactive elements help determine the age of the fossil.

Fossils are dated by comparing them with living descendants

In what way are eras different from periods?

They are subdivided into epochs.

They have a longer duration than eons.

They have boundaries marked by mass extinctions.

How does the law of crosscutting relationships explain the age of a fault caused by an earthquake?

The fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through.

The fault is older than the rocks above it.

The fault is younger than the rocks above it.

The fault is older than the rocks it cuts through.

Which definition describes absolute dating?

measuring the age of an object in years using any method

finding the age of an object compared with other objects

determining the amount of a radioactive isotope in an object

determining the age of a rock layer by studying the fossils present

Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of plants and animals that have lived on Earth throughout Earth’s history. How does the fossil record of animals compare with animals that exist today?

Animals in the fossil record are ancestors of animals that exist today.

Animals in the fossil record are the same as animals that exist today.

Animals in the fossil record have no similarities to animals that exist today.

Animals in the fossil record are more complex than animals that exist today.

Which statement correctly defines geology?

It is the scientific study of the history of Earth and the processes that shape it.

It is the scientific study of the history of the solar system and the processes that shape it.

It is the scientific study of the development of life on Earth and the processes that change it.

It is the scientific study of the structure of Earth’s atmosphere and the processes that change it.

Fossils are often hardened remains of organisms that once lived, such as a bone or tooth. Which characteristic of metamorphic rock makes it unlikely for fossils to be found in this type of rock?

High temperature and pressure destroy the fossils.

Fossils are broken apart during volcanic eruptions.

Tiny sediments build up in the fossils as they are deposited.

Ocean water moving across the rock carries the fossils away.

Before life evolved adaptations for living on the land, a major change took place in one of Earth’s systems. Which change made it possible for life as we know it to live on the land?

addition of oxygen to the atmosphere

addition of carbon to ocean water

addition of sodium to ocean water

addition of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Which rock layer is older?

rock layers that contain only extinct organisms

rock layers that contain fossils of organisms that still exist today

What can cause appearances of new organisms or disappearances of previously existing organisms in the fossil record?

geologic and/or environmental changes

neither geologic or environmental changes

What are things timelines show?

geologic events and/or how life has changed throughout history

how life has changed throughout history

neither geologic events or how life has changed throughout history

Earth Through Time (Geology)

Authored by Nicky Kupke

Science

6th - 8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 42+ times

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94 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Rocks on Earth today were always present.

true

false

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE SELECT QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

Sedimentary rocks are made from _____.

tiny rock pieces

remains of plants

remains of animals

lava and magma

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The oldest layer of sedimentary rock is found _____.

at the top

at the bottom

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The youngest layer of sedimentary rock is found _____.

at the top

at the bottom

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What are the traces or remains of an organism that lived long ago?

rocks

fossils

igneous rock

sedimentary rock

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Fossils are preserved in _____.

rock only

ice only

tar and tree sap only

rock, ice, tar, or tree sap

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

______ is how old something is compared to how old something else is.

relative age

absolute age

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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Earth Through Time (Geology)

Rocks on Earth today were always present.

Sedimentary rocks are made from _____.

The oldest layer of sedimentary rock is found _____.

The youngest layer of sedimentary rock is found _____.

What are the traces or remains of an organism that lived long ago?

Fossils are preserved in _____.

______ is how old something is compared to how old something else is.

What is a method of determining whether something is older or younger than something else?

Faults are _____ than the rocks they are formed through.

Intrusions are _____ than the rocks they are formed through.

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