Philosophy exam #1

Epistemology

• A belief, statement, or proposition that is being proposed for acceptance and is being argued for
• all the premises must be true. All the premises must be acceptable to the assessor of the argument
• An argument in which the conclusion is said to follow from the premises as a matter of necessity
• the branch of philosophy that studies the question, what is knowledge?

Three Traditional Answers to the question, what is knowledge?

• Two realms of reality. higher and lower
• first doing as he is doing, which is loved by gods, and because it is loved by gods
• Skepticism, Empiricism, and Rationalism
• the belief that we may have knowledge concerning the world, but only by means of sensory observation alone

Skepticism

• the branch of philosophy that studies the question, what is knowledge?
• the belief that we can have no true knowledge concerning the world
• first doing as he is doing, which is loved by gods, and because it is loved by gods
• Two realms of reality. higher and lower

Empiricism

• first doing as he is doing, which is loved by gods, and because it is loved by gods
• an argument in which the conclusion is said to follow from the premises as a matter of probability
• the belief that we may have knowledge concerning the world, but only by means of sensory observation alone
• Argument, Conclusion, and Premises

Rationalism

• the belief that we many have knowledge concerning the world, and that sensory observation is not the only way to obtain such knowledge
• Two realms of reality. higher and lower
• Meletus contradicts his written charges that Socrates believes in deities of his own invention.
• reasons offered in support of the conclusion

Define metaphysics: the branch of philosophy that studies the question, what is real?

• Mind-body dualism, Idealism, and Materialism
• He would ask people concerning their opinions, and if he found any contradictions in those opinions he would point them out
• an argument in which the conclusion is said to follow from the premises as a matter of probability
• Corrupting the youth, not believing in the gods accepted by the state, and believing in new gods of his own invention

Mind-body dualism

• the belief that both physical objects and mental objects, and they are different from each other
• Prosecuting someone guilty of a high crime
• the branch of philosophy that studies the question, what is knowledge?
• the belief that we can have no true knowledge concerning the world

Idealism

• An objection to the most common form of mind-body dualism which claims the minds and bodies not only exist and are different, but they also interact. The objection is that if minds and bodies are both said to exist, then they must be such different kinds of things that they could not possibly interact.
• the belief that both physical objects and mental objects, and they are different from each other
• the belief that only mental objects may be said to exist
• an argument in which the conclusion is said to follow from the premises as a matter of probability

Materialism

• Mind-body dualism, Idealism, and Materialism
• consisted of forms that were more real than physical objects
• Sound Reduction and absurdum
• the belief that only physical objects may be said to exist

What is the mind body problem?

• reasons offered in support of the conclusion
• the belief that only mental objects may be said to exist
• An objection to the most common form of mind-body dualism which claims the minds and bodies not only exist and are different, but they also interact. The objection is that if minds and bodies are both said to exist, then they must be such different kinds of things that they could not possibly interact.
• all the premises must be true. All the premises must be acceptable to the assessor of the argument