Reasoning & logical fallacies

What is deductive reasoning?

• An argument that attacks the man and not the argument

• The reasoning most used by detectives

• Reasoning that relies on patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely and simplest explanation

• Reasoning beginning with a broad general statement to end up with a specific factual statement

Since sugary caffeinated drinks are loved by many kids, we should have them in a vending machine at school.  What sort of logical fallacy is this?

• ad hominem

• slippery slope

• deductive

• ad populum

A logical fallacy that draws an extreme or unlikely conclusion about consequences of an action is called

• ad hominem

• slippery slope

• red herring

• hasty generalization

Reasoning used by detectives based on specific observations, knowledge of patterns and incomplete information to offer the most likely explanation is called

• abductive reasoning

• deductive reasoning

• an argument

• inductive reasoning

I bought an apple every day for a week and each one was bruised, so if I buy an apple today it will also be bruised. This is an example of

• inductive reasoning

• slippery slope

• red herring

• deductive reasoning

Is the preceding question (about the apple) a logical fallacy?

• Yes

• N0

Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning?

• we should make classes on horoscopes required since so many people are into horoscopes

• the candidate wants to raise taxes, so his opponent mentioned the fact that he was expelled from college

• everyone in my family has blonde hair, so my sister's baby will also have blonde hair

• since the school I go to is dirty, I assume all other schools are dirty including the new one I'm about to attend.

All even numbers are divisible by two, therefore, 14 is divisible by two.  This is an example of

• Inductive reasoning

• Abductive reasoning

• Deductive reasoning

• Argument

Which of these takes attention away from the issue being discussed by shifting to something off topic?

• slippery slope

• red herring

• hasty generalization

• ad hominem

"Kids need more freedom of speech," a student says. "Really," a teacher replies. "We teachers can't even talk about which candidates we support." This is

• inductive reasoning

• ad hominem

• red herring

• slippery slope