Biology Vocabulary

The basic unit of structure and function for living things.

• atom

• cell

• molecule

• element

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Large biomolecules that make up living organisms.

• macromolecules

• cells

• elements

• polymer

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A nucleic acid molecule made up of two long strands of nucleotides in the shape of a double helix that contains deoxyribose sugar and that stores genetic information.

• protein

• enzyme

• deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

• Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

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simple cells that do not have a nucleus; found in bacteria

• eukaryotic cell

• prokaryotic cell

• algae

• eukaryote

A process used by plants; converts light energy, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen.

• cell theory

• cellular respiration

• photosynthesis

• Krebs cycle

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The process used by cells to release energy by converting glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water; takes place in the mitochondria.

• Krebs cycle

• photosynthesis

• hyrdolysis

• cellular respiration

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A group of cells that work together to perform a function.

• organ

• tissue

• organism

• organ system

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The movement of water across as semi-permeable membrane.

• active transport

• osmosis

• exocytosis

• endocytosis

Division of the nucleus

• mitosis

• meiosis

• cytokinesis

• cell cycle

A section of DNA that determines a specific trait, such as eye color.

• dominant

• allele

• recessive

• gene

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