Evolution Test Review

A species of sparrow becomes established on a newly formed volcanic island. After 50,000 years this one species has evolved into many different species.

• Gradualism

• Extinction

• Adaptive radiation

• Punctuated equilibrium

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The diagram shows light-colored and dark-colored beetles that live on a tree. Which result is most likely to occur to the beetle population due to predation over time?

• The number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase.

• There will be more dark-colored beetles than light colored beetles.

• The number of light-colored beetles will decrease.

• The dark-colored beetles will move to a different type of tree.

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The image shows part of the humerus (upper arm bone) in different species of primates. Which statement is best supported by the observable structure of the different humerus bones?

• The primates lived in similar environments

• The primates shared a common ancestor

• The primates interbreed with similar organisms in a population

• The primates had diets that consisted of similar types of foods

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All of the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of ___________.

• Fur

• Claws or nails

• Lungs

• Jaws

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Modern domesticated dogs evolved from wolves through selective breeding by humans. What type of selection is this?

• Natural selection

• Mutation selection

• Artificial selection

• Survival of the fittest

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The table below shows the survival rate of two types of beetles in the same environment over a period of three years. Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?

• Green beetles are more fit for the environment than brown beetles are.

• Brown beetles undergo a greater number of unfavorable mutations than green beetles do.

• Green beetles have a greater gene frequency among their population than brown beetles have.

• Brown beetles have a shorter life cycle than green beetles have.

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Vertebrate embryos pass through similar stages of development is evidence for

• use and disuse
• homologous structures
• common ancestry
• acquired characteristics

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A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

• behavioral isolation
• temporal isolation 
• gametic isolation
• geographic isolation 

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What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive in its environment?

• adaptation
• variation
• homologous structure
• vestigial structure

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Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing partial amino acid sequences. The table shows four partial amino acid sequences from four organisms. Which organism is the LEAST related to the other three organisms?

• Organism 1

• Organism 2

• Organism 3

• Organism 4

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