Heat and Temperature

Reggie puts a beaker of ice and water on a hot plate, and the ice slowly begins to melt as shown in figure. After a few minutes, only liquid water is in the beaker. Eventually, the water becomes hot and boils. The liquid water changes to water vapor, which is a gas. How is the liquid water, as it is warming, different from the ice?

• The freezing point of the ice is lower.

• The temperature of the liquid water is lower.

• The average kinetic energy of the ice particles is lower.

• The motion of the particles that make up the water is slower.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which example illustrates the transfer of energy through radiation?

• Feeling warmth when you sit in a sunny place.

• Watching your food cook in a rotisserie oven.

• Feeling the warmth of the bricks around a fireplace by touching them your hand.

• Feeling warmth on the soles of your feet when you walk along a beach on a sunny day.

A man who was sleeping wakes up because he hears the smoke alarm go off in his house. Before opening the bedroom door, the man feels the door to see whether it is warm. He is assuming that heat would be transferred through the door by which method?

• conduction

• convection

• radiation

• compression

On a hot summer day, the water in an outdoor swimming pool feels much warmer in the afternoon than in the morning. How do the particles in the water change from the morning to the afternoon?

• They move slower.

• They have less energy.

• They get farther apart.

• They have a fixed position.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

If a hot liquid is poured into a cup, the cup will soon feel warm. How does the increase in temperature change the particles that make up the cup?

• They move less freely.

• They move closer together.

• Their kinetic energy increases.

• They move from place to place.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Students put the same amount of water into four beakers and heat them to 60 °C. They then place each beaker in different locations in the classroom. After 5 min, the students measure the temperature of each beaker of water. The results are shown in the bar graph. At which location are the particles closest together after 5 min?

• on the teacher’s desk

• by the window

• near the door

• in the back corner

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

How does heat affect the thermal energy of an object that is colder than the air that surrounds it?

• Heat decreases the thermal energy of an object as energy moves to the air.

• Heat causes the thermal energy of the object to increase as energy moves from the warmer air to the colder object.

• Heat has no effect on thermal energy, but it increases the potential energy of an object.

• Heat is not related to thermal energy, so it cannot affect the thermal energy of an object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

How does heat transfer?

• Heat transfer from an area of high temperature to an area of low temperature.

• Heat transfer from an area of low temperature to an area of high temperature.

• Heat transfer from an area of high temperature to an area of high temperature.

• Heat transfer from an area of high temperature to an area of low temperature and from a low temperature to a high temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

On a hot day, the sun causes the sidewalk to become very warm. How do the particles that make up the sidewalk change as the temperature increases?

• They move faster.

• They move closer together.

• Their kinetic energy decreases.

• They move freely from place to place.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Reggie puts a beaker of ice and water on a hot plate, and the ice slowly begins to melt as shown in figure. After a few minutes, only liquid water is in the beaker. Eventually, the water becomes hot and boils. The liquid water changes to water vapor, which is a gas. In what way is the ice different from the water vapor that forms after the water begins to boil?

• The ice has a lower boiling point.

• The vapor particles move slower.

• The ice has a higher temperature.

• The vapor particles have more energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5