Separation methods

 Filtering separates:

• a liquid from a solution
•   two solids in a mixture
•  a solid from a liquid
•  two liquids in a mixture.

 In the apparatus diagram, what is part ‘X’?

• filter funnel
• conical flask
• filter paper
• a mistake in the drawing.

  What does ‘insoluble’ mean?

•  a solid substance that won’t dissolve in a liquid
•  a liquid that doesn’t dissolve any solids
•   a solid substance that dissolves in a liquid
•   any substance that does not dissolve

  What do you see when a solid dissolves in a liquid?

•   the solid disappears
•   the solid sinks to the bottom of the liquid
•   the liquid evaporates
• A the liquid changes colour

What is a solute?

•   a liquid that dissolves a solid
•   a mixture of a solid dissolved in a liquid
•   a substance that dissolves in a liquid
•   two liquids that don’t mix together

 This chromatogram was made using black ink. How many different coloured inks were in the mixture?

• 4
• 5
• 6
• 7

In this chromatography experiment, why are the sample points placed above the water line?

•  so that the samples don’t dissolve in the water at the bottom
•   so that the pencil line dissolves as the water moves up the paper
•  so that the samples evaporate
•  so that the samples mix together

 What is distillation?

•  evaporating the liquid from a mixture to collect the solid
• the separation of a liquid from a mixture using evaporation then condensation
•  the separation of solutes for analysis
•  the removal of salt from water

  In this distilling apparatus, what is ‘Y’ called?

• sausage-shaped tube
• conductor
• condenser
• flask

How does distillation work?

•  The liquid from a solution is evaporated, and then condensed to collect it.
•  The liquid from a mixture is condensed, and then evaporated to collect it.
•  The mixture is heated and then cooled to collect the liquid.
•  Water is evaporated to steam and then condensed back to water.