quantum orbitals

What is this a diagram of?

• The Bohr Model

• Quantum Model of Hydrogen

• Quantum levels of multi-electron atoms

• Nuclear energy levels

What would be different about the energy level diagram for Hydrogen?

• All levels with the same number prefix would be at the same energy level

• It would have different numbers of levels

• It would only have the 1s

• The p and d sublevels would have only one orbital

What is each dash line in the diagram and how many electrons does it hold?

• A sublevel that holds an electron

• An orbital that holds one electron

• An orbital that holds up to 2 electrons

• Its a placeholder for an arbitrary number of electrons

What shape are the s orbitals?

• Spherical

• Dumbell

• 4 lobed

• Linear

What sub-orbitals represent the valence electrons for row 2 elements?

• 2s

• 2s and 2p

• 1s, 2s, 2p

• 1s, 2s

How do you know how many orbitals are in each sub-level s,p,d,f ?

• Just have to know

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 2L+1 where L is the orbital quantum number 0,1,2,3 for s,p,d,f respectively

• They all have the same number

Why do multi-electron elements have non-degenerate (non-same energy) sub-levels for each principal level N?

• Fact of nature

• The interaction between electrons and shielding of the nucleus by inner electrons

• They really are all the same

• It is inconsequential

What is the shape of a p orbital?

• Spherical

• Dumbbell

• 4 lobed

• Linear

What is the shape of a d orbital?

• Spherical

• Dumbbell

• Most are 4 lobed, z axis is dumbbell with a doughnut ring

• Linear

What is the electron configuration of Na?

• 1s¹

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁷

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²