Molecular genetics review

Match the following nucleotide bases the way they form base pairs:

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Adenine

• Guanine

• Guanine

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

Where in a eukaryotic cell is the DNA located?

• nucleus

• ribosomes

• golgi apparatus

• lysosome

Answer explanation

Eukaryotes keep their DNA in the nucleus.

In Prokaryotes, the DNA just floats in the cytoplasm.

Match the following enzymes to their roles in DNA replication:

• DNA polymerase

• Unwinds and seperates the parent DNA strands

• Topoisomerase

• Starts the DNA replication process by adding a small piece of RNA

• Primase

• Adds nucleotides to form the new strand of DNA

• Ligase

• Fills in the gaps to complete the finished DNA strands

• Helicase

• Corrects the overwinding of the parent DNA as it is seperated

The central dogma of DNA is:

​ (a)   --> ​ (b)   --> ​ (c)  

• DNA
• RNA
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Match the following processes to their products:

• mRNA

• Translation

• New DNA strands

• Transcription

• Polypeptides (proteins)

• DNA replication

Which of the following nucleotide bases is found in RNA but not DNA?

• Guanine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Adenine

Match the following molecules involved in translation to their roles:

• amino acids

• the building blocks of polypeptides

• tRNA

• carries the DNA's message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

• mRNA

• reads the mRNA one codon at a time to make the protein

• ribosome

• 3 nucelotides

• codon

• transfers the amino acids to the polypeptide chain

What macromolecule are amino acids the monomer for?

• proteins

• nucleic acids

• carbohydrates

• lipids

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

In protein synthesis, the gene from the DNA is ​ (a)   into RNA. mRNA leaves the nucleus and then the RNA is ​ (b)   by a ribosome to make a polypeptide.

• transcribed
• translated

What is it called when there is a permenant change to the cell's DNA?

• mutation

• polypeptide

• codon

• accident

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2