Methods for characterization of the nanostructures

The physical basis of electron microscopy methods is:

• Wave nature of electrons moving at high speed

• Electron tunneling effect between sample and conductive tip

• The phenomenon of local amplification of the electric field near nanoparticles

• The wave essence of photons with an energy of the order of ten eV

The transmission electron microscope allows you to examine objects:

• In any environment

• In a gaseous environment at elevated pressure

• In a vacuum

• In a gaseous environment at reduced pressure

Electron microscopes utilize beams of ... to form images.

• Electrons and protons

• Electrons and photons

• Electrons and neutrons

• Electrons

Modern transmission electron microscopes make it possible to study objects with spatial resolution:

• Any

• more than 1 nm

• less than 1 nm

Spatial resolution of a scanning electron microscope compared to a transmission one

• An order of magnitude lower

• The same

• 3-4 times higher

• At about ten fifteen five ten five times above

What condition is necessary to achieve atomic resolution on an atomic force microscope?

• Vacuum

• Using a very thin sample

• Хорошая проводимость образца

Luminescent methods are:

• More sensitive than absorption

• Less sensitive than absorption

• The sensitivity of the methods is the same

Raman scattering of light occurs as a result of:

• Absorption of light by the sample

• Inelastic light scattering by the sample

• Elastic light scattering by the sample

The intensity of Raman scattering of light compared to the intensity of luminescence is

• 3-5 orders of magnitude lower

• 3-5 orders of magnitude higher

• Similar

• 2-3 orders of magnitude higher

To register low-intensity Raman scattering of light, it is necessary to:

• Suppress the Rayleigh scattering signal

• Cool the sample down to low temperatures

• Use prism monochromators