Innate Immune System review

Identify the first line(s) of defense against pathogens.

• mucous membranes

• skin

• chemicals (pyrogens, opsonins, interferons etc)

• on site cells like natural killer cells and phagocytes

• T cells and B cells

Which of the following are considered a 'mucous membrane'?

• lining of digestive tract

• lining of blood vessels

• pericardium

• lining of urinary and reproductive tracts

• lining of respiratory tract

Reorder the following according to which line of defense it belongs in.

• B & T cells

• physical barriers (skin and mucosa)

• on-site cells and chemicals

Choose all of the 'chemicals' that are part of the innate immune system.

• pyrogens

• interferons

• complement system

• antibodies

• opsonins

Choose all cell types of the innate immune system.

• natural killer cells

• macrophages and neutrophils

• B lymphocytes

• antigen presenting cells like dendritic cells

• T lymphocytes

Match the following

• inflammatory chemicals

• released by exposed macrophages and leukocytes, this causes a fever

• opsonins

• released by infected cells to protect nearby uninfected cells

• complement system

• forms membrane attack complex; can poke holes in pathogens

• pyrogens

• released by injured cells, these cause vasodilation, leaky capillaries and attract phagocytes

• interferons

• coat pathogens to make them easier to ingest

Match the following innate immune cells to their description

• macrophage

• classification of dendritic cell

• neutrophil

• a type of phagocyte (most numerous WBC)

• mode of operation for dendritic cell

• causes apoptosis in infected cells

• antigen presenting cell (APC)

• takes in pathogen, moves to lymph node and displays pathogen for T cells to see

• natural killer cell

• a type of phagocyte

  (very large)

Place the following steps of the inflammatory response.

• neutrophils exit the capillaries by diapedesis and enter the local area

• neutrophils engulf an invaders

• injury/infection occurs

• SOS chemicals are released from injured/infected cells

• neutrophils are drawn to the exact site of injury using positive chemotaxis

also called natural or non-specific immunity: ​ (a)  

also called acquired or specific immunity: ​ (b)  

works on any/all pathogens: ​ (c)  

found at the location of infection: ​ (d)  

only attacks identified invaders: ​ (e)  

• innate immunity
• adaptive immunity

Identify all the signs of inflammation.

• redness at site

• edema (swelling)

• increased pain

• bleeding

• area is warmer than surroundings