ES Vocab Ch 8

Earthquake

• Layer of Earth between the mantle and the inner core, approximately 2260 km thick, made of liquid iron which generates Earth's magnetic field through its flow
• vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy
• A large ocean wave, which transfers energy released from earthquakes along the ocean floor
• an area along a fault that has not had any significant seismic activity for a long period of time

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

fault

• Rigid outer layer of Earth, contains the crust and upper mantle
• fracture in Earth along which movement has or can occur
• device used to record seismic waves produced during an earthquake
• vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

focus

• the thin, rocky, outer layer of Earth
• Layer of Earth between the mantle and the inner core, approximately 2260 km thick, made of liquid iron which generates Earth's magnetic field through its flow
• the solid innermost layer of Earth, 1220 kilometer radius
• the point where energy from an earthquake originates

seismic waves

• waves traveling through Earth transferring energy released due to an earthquake
• record of earthquake waves produced by a seismograph during an earthquake
• the point where energy from an earthquake originates
• layer of Earth located below the crust, approximately 2890 km thick

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

epicenter

• the point where energy from an earthquake originates
• device used to record seismic waves produced during an earthquake
• the location on the surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
• record of earthquake waves produced by a seismograph during an earthquake

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

elastic rebound

• layer of Earth located below the crust, approximately 2890 km thick
• Rigid outer layer of Earth, contains the crust and upper mantle
• waves traveling through Earth transferring energy released due to an earthquake
• rock's ability to bounce or spring back to its original state after an earthquake

aftershock

• weak plastic layer of the mantle below the lithosphere, rock here is easily deformed
• rock's ability to bounce or spring back to its original state after an earthquake
• small earthquakes that follows the main quake
• record of earthquake waves produced by a seismograph during an earthquake

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

P waves

• Primary waves (body waves), compression waves which push and pull rocks in the direction of the wave, the first waves to arrive at seismic stations
• layer of Earth located below the crust, approximately 2890 km thick
• A large ocean wave, which transfers energy released from earthquakes along the ocean floor
• device used to record seismic waves produced during an earthquake

S waves

• Secondary (body) waves, waves that shake perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, arrives second to seismic stations
• the solid innermost layer of Earth, 1220 kilometer radius
• Primary waves (body waves), compression waves which push and pull rocks in the direction of the wave, the first waves to arrive at seismic stations
• fracture in Earth along which movement has or can occur

surface waves

• Precise measurement scale for magnitude, which uses the amount of displacement that occurs along a fault zone and estimates the amount of energy released by an earthquake
• Seismic waves that travel along the surface of the Earth, cause the greatest amount of energy
• waves traveling through Earth transferring energy released due to an earthquake
• rock and soil saturated with water during an earthquake behave as a liquid, which is unable to support buildings and may cause other structures to move toward the surface

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2