Chapter 5 & 6 Assessment Review

Milankovitch cycles reflect periodic change in three properties of Earth’s orbit. What are these three properties?

• Eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession

• Distance from Sun, distance from Moon, and eccentricity

• pitch , yaw, and precession

• Sunspots, atmospheric CO2, and axial tilt

Which of the following do paleoclimatologists use to investigate the climate of the past?

• Fossil records

• Ice-core samples

• Coral

• All the Answers

How did India’s collision with Asia lead to decreased atmospheric CO₂ levels?

• As the Himalaya Mountains grew, they used CO₂ to form new rock.

• As more rock was exposed to weathering, it fueled conversion of atmospheric CO₂ to carbonic acid, which was washed by rainwater into the ocean.

• As the tectonic plates collided, a carbon vacuum was created and needed to be filled with CO₂.

• As the tectonic plates collided, carbon-rich rocks were trapped under the surface of Earth and could not interact with the atmosphere.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

If the angle of tilt of Earth’s axis was 10 degrees greater than its actual present value, people at mid latitudes would most likely experience?

• Hotter summers and warmer winters

• Hotter summers and colder winters

• Cooler summers and warmer winters

• Cooler summers and colder winters

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

Pushing your investigation further, you’d like to find out what Earth’s climate was like millions or billions of years ago. Which of the following climate proxies would be most helpful to this new investigation?

• Coral

• Tree rings

• Fossils found in bedrock

• Ice cores

To learn more about your local community, you’ve decided you’d like to know how the climate here has changed in recent history. If you want to collect rainfall data for the past 100 years but do not have access to human records, which of the following climate proxies would be most helpful to you?

• Coral

• Tree rings

• Fossils found in bedrock

• Ice cores

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following best describes how greenhouse gasses raise the average temperature of Earth?

• They allow more light to penetrate the atmosphere.

• They are naturally hotter than other, non-greenhouse gasses.

• They allow in short-wavelength light energy but prevent some of the long-wavelength heat energy from leaving the atmosphere.

• They have a very high albedo, which traps heat energy.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

The walls of the building are to be painted to reflect as much light as possible. What color should they have painted?

• White

• Red

• Black

• Pink

On a warm sunny day, you will feel cooler wearing light-colored clothes because they

• Reflect more light energy.

• Prevent sweating.

• Are not as heavy as dark clothes.

• Let more air in.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-5

Rank the following surfaces from the lowest to highest albedo:

• Ocean

• Temperate Forests

• Desert

• Polar ice

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