AP Biology Gene Regulation

what does a promoter do?

• it allows a gene to be transcribed
• it creates a DNA segment
• it is another word for ribosomes
• it is another word for RNA

In eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the regulatory region for transcription are called ____________.

• transcription factors
• topoisomerase
• regulatory genes
• activators

Which of the following statements regarding mRNA is correct?

• Exons are included in the protein sequence, while introns are left out
• Introns are included in the protein sequence, while exons are left out
• Exons and Introns can both be included or left out depending on the protein
• Exons and Introns are both part of the mRNA sequence, but only exons are part of the rRNA and tRNA

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

• The two different cells become mutated
• The proteins expressed in each cell are different
• They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
• The genome of the different cells changes

In eukaryotic cells, after transcription, the mRNA

• exits the nucleus unchanged.

• is processed before leaving the nucleus.

• enters the nucleus.

• is replicated before leaving the nucleus.

In eukaryotic cells, the ____________ are segments of mRNA that are cut out of the final transcript.

• promoters

• poly A tails

• exons

• introns

What is added to the processed mRNA transcript in eukaryotic cells to help the transcript attach to ribosomes and to be prevented from being broken down?

• the exon

• the intron

• the poly A tail

• the cap

The TATA box is

• a promoter in eukaryotes.

• an operator in prokaryotes.

• an exon in prokaryotes.

• a tail in eukaryotes.

The DNA is tightly wrapped around the histone proteins and the gene is methylated.

• The gene is silenced.

• The gene is active.

• It is impossible to tell.

• The gene is on and off at various times.

Which of the following methods of gene regulation do eukaryotes and prokaryotes have in common?

• Elaborate packing of DNA in chromosomes
• Activator and repressor proteins, which bind to DNA
• The addition of a cap and tail to mRNA after transcription
• The removal of noncoding portions of RNA