Cell cycle and cancer

What is cancer?

• Interphase

• Cell cycle

• Uncontrolled cell cycle

• controlled mitosis

Cells can become cancerous when:

• mutations accumulate in the genes that control cell division
• no mutations occur
• cell division repressor genes are not mutated
• apoptosis occurs all the time

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

In general, cancer cells contain:

• only one mutation
• 1,000's of mutations
• in the neighborhood of 60 mutations
• no mutations at all making them out of control

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A mutation is:

• a cell that has no changes
• a cell that is missing its nucleus therefore it is out of control
• a cell with no ribosomes
• a change in that occurs in the DNA of a gene in a cell

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Cells can become cancerous when changes (mutations) occur within:

• cell division suppressor genes
• cell division regulator genes 
• mutations in cell growth genes
• all can be causes for cells to become cancerous

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Apoptosis is:

• what we call it when cancer spreads
• Pre-programmed normal cell death
• out of control cell death
• another name for cancer causing mutations

Cancer cells have:

• a growth advantage over normal cells
• really aren't different structurally from normal cells
• always spread throughout the body
• are restricted in terms of their cell division

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

During the early stages of cancer, tumors are:

• giant and easy to detect
• benign meaning localized
• malignant
• caused by cells without any mutations

Invasive cancer cells allow a cancer to:

• stay localized
• stay small
• be easily removed
• metastacize (spread)

During which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

• interphase

• mitosis

• cytokinesis