Sociology theory

What was Marx's major concept?

• Meritocracy

• Hegemony

• The base-superstructure model

• The repressive state apparatus

What is the means of production?

• The media, who make up stories in favour of the bourgeoisie.

• The apparatus, labour or land used to create products, such as factories or machines.

• The class of people who do replaceable, low-skilled work.

• The dominant ideology in society.

What did Marx suggest were some of the features of early society? (2 correct answers)

• Historical materialism

• Primitive communism

• Revolution

• False class consiousness

What are the two types of Neo-Marxism?

• Consensus Marxism

• Functional Marxism

• Humanistic Marxism

• Structural Marxism

What is Gramsci's major concept?

• Social solidarity

• Hegemony

• The ideological state apparatus

• The organic analogy

What are Althusser's major concepts? (2 right answers)

• The ideological state apparatus

• The repressive state apparatus

• Organic intellectuals

• Free-floating intelligentsia

How does structural Marxism assume revolution will happen?

• There will be a naturally occurring crisis of capitalism, where it will begin to fall apart by itself.

• A counter-hegemony will be formed, and people will take control from the bourgeoisie.

• Intelligent working-class people will start to take control of the workforce.

• The proletariat will achieve class-consciousness, becoming aware of their exploited position.

What is the organic analogy (Parsons)?

• The belief that people in society are part of one entity, and naturally work towards the same goal.

• The belief that there are accepted norms in society that all people want to follow.

• The belief that all people have the equal opportunity to succeed.

• The belief that the institutions of society all work together like organs in a body.

Which of these concepts were established by Durkheim?

• Anomie

• Social solidarity

• Value consensus

• Ascribed status

How might functionalism be criticised?