Political Revolutions

Which conclusion can be made about most revolutions throughout world history?

• They involved enslaved and imprisoned individuals who wanted to gain their freedom.

• They instituted new economic systems more often than they instituted new political systems.

• They were attempts by elites to regain power from the masses.

• They were fought in the name of liberty and self-determination.

According to the Declaration of Independence and similar documents, what should citizens and noncitizens do when the government fails to protect their natural rights?

• Emigrate to another country

• Stage a violent military coup

• Alter or abolish the government

• Hold an election to choose new leaders

Which form of government would Locke most likely have supported?

• Monarchy

• Democracy

• Theocracy

• Oligarchy

What were citizens expected to do as part of the social contract described in the excerpt?

• Overthrow governments that do not respect people's natural rights

• Respect separation of powers and fight the concentration of authority

• Protect individual rights and limit the influence of religion in government

• Set aside their individual desires in favor of the interests of society

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The major ideas set forth by these philosophers are associated with which period of European history?

• The Crusades

• The Enlightenment

• The Northern Renaissance

• The Protestant Reformation

Which of the following is a central idea of the Enlightenment?

• The king has a divine right to rule.

• All individuals have natural rights.

• Adherence to a strict class system is necessary for economic development.

• It is necessary for government to maintain control over the means of production.

In this excerpt, Locke expresses his belief that —

• if natural rights are denied by a government, the governed have the right to rebel.

• the only government system in which liberty can be guaranteed is a direct democracy.

• citizens must be willing to give up rights if doing so will create a more orderly society.

• citizens must obey their government even in the absence of a system of popular representation.

In what way were Enlightenment philosophers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke similar?

• Both argued that people could rebel against unjust laws.

• Both supported the establishment of an absolute monarch.

• Both acknowledged that the government had a duty to protect its people. 

• Both agreed that the purpose of a government was to protect individual liberties and rights.

With which of the following are many of the ideas of Baron de Montesquieu, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke associated?

• The imperialist policies pursued by major European powers

• Political reforms that brought an end to France's absolute monarchy

• The consolidation of monarchical power during the Spanish Inquisition

• Legislation passed by the British government to improve working conditions

The American Revolution and the French Revolution are considered turning points in history because these revolutions —

• marked the end of European influence in the West.

• led to the abolition of slavery in their respective countries.

• served as inspiration for peoples in other parts of the world seeking democracy and independence.

• demonstrated the need for the development of international organizations able to carry out peacekeeping operations.