Mutations

MUTATIONS

• can be harmful and can be neutral

• maybe be due to copying

• something that just happends

A mutation is defined as:

• A change in the cell's structure

• Anything that changes in an embryo

• Any change in the physical features of a human

• A change in the DNA sequence

What causes mutations?

• Mistakes in replication or environmental substances
• The amino acids
• Passed down by genetics
• It's how your born

A mutation in which only one nucleotide is altered is called a:

• Frameshift Mutation

• Deletion Mutation

• Point Mutation

• Insertion Mutation

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

• Insertion

• Point mutation

• Deletion

• Substitution

What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A

• Substitution
• Deletion
• Insertion
• Frameshift 

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

• They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
• They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
• They often delete things that organisms need.
• Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

Which mutation will cause translation to stop? 

• Mutations 1 and 3 only
• Mutation 1 only
• Mutation 2 only
• Muations 1, 2, 3

What are the building blocks of proteins called?

• DNA

• RNA

• Ribosomes

• Amino Acids

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

• Substitution
• Deletion
• Insertion
• Inversion