Animal cognition

What does Lloyd Morgan's canon suggest?

• accept the most complex explanation for animal behaviour

• accept the most simple explanation for animal behaviour

• animal learning is different from human learning

• everything is trial and error learning

How might a researcher avoid "Clever Hans" effects?

• Place a screen between the experimenter and the animal

• Use video cameras

• Use nonverbal tasks

• Only do research in a natural enviroment

When looking at reasoning tasks, it is important to know about

• The age of the animal

• Any social learning effects

• The training history of the animal

• The animal's keeper

Why might animals be able to solve transitive inference problems?

• Helps them to work out social hierarchy

• Helps them to find a mate

• Helps them to learn from others

• Helps them to work out where to get food

What is a possible explanation for animals' ability in a transitive inference task?

• Social learning

• Value transfer

• Generalisation

• Insight

Humans yawning is an example of what?

• Local enhancement

• Affordance learning

• Imitation

• Social facilitation

What might explain an animal's interest in a particular object?

• Affordance learning

• Local enhancement

• Stimulus enhancement

• Social facilitation

What is a possible mechanism behind learning fear?

• Reasoning

• Operant conditioning

• Insight learning

• Observational conditioning

Which is NOT in the definition of teaching?

• Teacher modifies behaviour in presence of observer

• The pupil must copy the teacher's behaviour

• The pupil acquires a new skill

• There is a cost to the teacher

The probability of being fed dead scorpions reduces as pups age. This is evidence for...

• Pups acquire knowledge faster

• A cost to the teacher

• Teacher modifying their behaviour

• Pups acquire a new skill earlier than usual