Syntactic language typology

Match the following

• I.I.Meshchaninov

• He/She identified three main types of sentence construction: active, ergative and nominative

• N.B. Mechkovskaya

• He/She identified three main types of sentence construction: active, ergative and nominative

• no way

• He/She identifies signs of lexical typology

• Klimov

• no way

• Tadeusz Milewski

• He/She proposed the principle of vocabulary organization and 5 language types

What is the most important difference between stative and action verbs?

• that action verbs can be used in continuous tenses and stative verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses

• that stative verbs can be used in continuous tenses and action verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses

• that action verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses and stative verbs cannot be used in perfect

• that action verbs can be used in perfect tenses and stative verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses

Find Stative Verbs

• She's studying math with Tom at the moment.

• The flowers smell lovely

• We are going to meet next Friday

• They worked for 2 hours yesterday afternoon

What is the most widespread system in the languages of the world?

• active

• nominative

• ergative

• neutral

• classy

What is the subject of the sentence?

• It tells what the subject is doing or what the subject is

• what (or whom) the sentence is about

• used for a noun or pronoun which is the subject of a verb

• the object of action to the transitive verb-predicate

Find Languages of the nominative system

• Languages of Central Africa

• Most Iberian-Caucasian languages, Basque, many Papuan, Australian, Chukchi-Kamchatka, North Indian languages

• All languages of the Indo-European group, Turkic, Mongolian families, Afrasian macrofamily, most languages of the Sino-Tibetan family

• Some languages of West Africa

Find the nominative case in the sentence

He eats cakes.

• cakes

• eats

• He

• no way

Find the principles of Languages of the ergative system

• Verbs are divided into verbs of situation and verbs of quality

• The main parts of speech are divided into semantic classes

• Personal pronouns have 2 declension paradigms – active and inactive

• Insufficiently studied

What is it - syntactic connections

• the equally sharp contrast of transitive and intransitive verbs

• sentence construction

• the relationship between the action, the subject and the object of the action

• the essence of the active system is in the sharp contrast of action verbs (dynamic) and state verbs (stative)

Find the subject of the sentence

The dog is barking in the moon

• the

• dog

• moon

• barking