Quiz about Unit 8 - Waste

Question 1

The water located in ponds, rivers, and lakes

Accepted Answer

surface water

Answer

groundwater

Answer

percolation

Answer

infiltration

Question 2

What is occurring at A in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

evaporation

Answer

runoff

Answer

precipitation

Answer

condensation

Question 3

An underground layer of permeable rock that holds groundwater which can be extracted by drilling a well.

Accepted Answer

aquifer

Answer

water table

Answer

watershed

Answer

river

Question 4

The top boundary of the zone of saturation in an aquifer which can fluctuate based on precipitation and the amount of draw from wells

Accepted Answer

water table

Answer

aquifer

Answer

watershed

Answer

drainage system

Question 5

How can surface pollutants contaminate groundwater?

Accepted Answer

all answers are correct

Answer

runoff with water and penetrate soil

Answer

seep into ground and rock

Answer

spread in aquifer to contaminate large areas

Question 6

Pollutants introduced into surface or groundwater that are without a specific location source is what?

Accepted Answer

non-point source water pollution

Answer

zone of aeration

Answer

point source water pollution

Answer

surface water

Question 7

Pollution traced to a single point

Accepted Answer

point source pollution

Answer

water shed

Answer

permeable

Answer

non-point source pollution

Question 8

Which sector uses the most water?

Accepted Answer

Agriculture

Answer

Industry

Answer

Commercial/Businesses

Answer

Residential

Question 9

Mandates the restoration and maintenance of the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters

Accepted Answer

Clean Water Act

Answer

Safe Drinking Water Act

Answer

Clean Air Act

Answer

Resource Conservation Recovery Act

Question 10

Where did the Exxon Valdez oil spill occur?

Accepted Answer

off the coast of Alaska

Answer

the Gulf of Mexico

Answer

off the coast of Maine

Answer

Dallas, Texas

Question 11

Toxins accumulate in the tissues of organisms as they pass through a food chain/web.

Accepted Answer

biomagnification

Answer

eutrophication

Answer

ecological succession

Answer

symbiosis

Question 12

Deepwater Horizon oil spill was in

Accepted Answer

Gulf of Mexico

Answer

Alaska

Answer

Louisiana

Answer

Ohio

Question 13

Runoff of sewage and agricultural wastes into coastal waters introduce

Accepted Answer

algae growth

Answer

rainwater

Answer

surface runoff

Answer

oil spill

Question 14

A factory is located next to a river.  The factory has a sewage pipe running straight out of the factory and into the river.  This is an example of ________________________.

Accepted Answer

point source pollution

Answer

non-point pollution

Answer

tertiary receiving stream

Answer

primary treatment

Question 15

Water that has been used by humans, but doesn't contain sanitary waste is called ________________.

Accepted Answer

gray water

Answer

septic water

Answer

potable water

Answer

none of these

Question 16

What is fecal coliform a measure of?

Accepted Answer

Number of bacteria (like E. coli) commonly found in sewage.

Answer

A direct measurement of feces concentration.

Answer

The ability of water to transmit viruses such as influenza.

Answer

The brownness of the water.

Question 17

What does chlorination do to the water?

Accepted Answer

Removes microorganisms

Answer

Cleans the water

Answer

Makes the water taste nice

Answer

Removes twigs and sediment

Question 18

Waste water is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Water that goes down your drain or toilet.

Answer

Water that you can cook with.

Answer

Water in a local pond.

Answer

River water.

Question 19

An increase in the amount of nutrients in a lake is known as

Accepted Answer

eutrophication

Answer

calcification

Answer

cellular respiration

Answer

photosynthesis

Question 20

During secondary treatment in the aeration tanks, what is working on the sewage waste?

Accepted Answer

micro-organisms

Answer

humans

Answer

air titration

Answer

oxidation/reduction

Question 21

Approximately what percentage of Earth's water is SALT water?

Accepted Answer

97 %

Answer

71%

Answer

30%

Answer

3%

Question 22

What is removed in primary phase wastewater treatment, as the wastewater is sent to a settling tank and left undisturbed?

Accepted Answer

sludge

Answer

bacteria

Answer

pathogens

Answer

grit

Question 23

Certain types of bacteria are beneficial to wastewater treatment because

Accepted Answer

they naturally break down organic matter

Answer

they help solid material to settle out of the wastewater

Answer

the nutrients produced are beneficial to the treated water

Answer

they aren't beneficial

Question 24

What is the first step in the water treatment process?

Accepted Answer

filtration

Answer

coagulation

Answer

flocs

Answer

concentation

Question 25

Which of the following is found in old plumbing pipes and ceramic glazes?

Accepted Answer

Lead

Answer

Asbestos

Answer

Radon

Answer

Formaldehyde

Question 26

Which of these are important sources of drinking water in the US?

Accepted Answer

All options are correct

Answer

Rivers

Answer

Lakes

Answer

Reservoirs

Question 27

What is a sewage treatment plant?

Accepted Answer

The place where water is cleaned, filtered and tested before re-entering the water cycle.

Answer

The place where water is cleaned, filtered and tested before going to our houses.

Answer

The network of pipes that carry sewage (dirty water) from our houses.

Answer

The place where water is bottled for drinking.

Question 28

What is the process of eutrophication?

Accepted Answer

The enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, often leading to excessive growth of algae and depletion of oxygen.

Answer

The process of water purification through filtration.

Answer

The natural process of sedimentation in lakes and rivers.

Answer

The introduction of pollutants into water bodies causing harm to aquatic life.

Question 29

What is the impact of thermal pollution on aquatic life?

Accepted Answer

It can lead to low oxygen levels in water, which can harm fish and other aquatic organisms.

Answer

It increases the growth of algae, which can benefit aquatic life.

Answer

It raises the temperature of water, making it more suitable for all fish species.

Answer

It has no significant impact on aquatic ecosystems.

Question 30

What are Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)?

Accepted Answer

Chemical substances that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in the food chain, and pose risks to human health and the environment.

Answer

Chemical substances that are easily broken down in the environment and do not accumulate in the food chain.

Answer

Chemical substances that are only harmful to aquatic life and do not affect human health.

Answer

Chemical substances that are used in agriculture and have no environmental impact.

Question 31

What is the significance of the Clean Water Act?

Accepted Answer

A U.S. federal law aimed at regulating the discharge of pollutants into the waters of the United States and ensuring water quality.

Answer

A state law focused on promoting water conservation practices among citizens.

Answer

An international treaty aimed at reducing ocean pollution from ships.

Answer

A local ordinance that mandates the treatment of wastewater before it is released into rivers.

Question 32

What is acid rain?

Accepted Answer

Precipitation that contains high levels of sulfuric or nitric acids, often resulting from industrial emissions.

Answer

Rain that is safe to drink and contains no pollutants.

Answer

A type of rain that occurs only in tropical regions.

Answer

Rain that has a pleasant smell and is beneficial for plants.

Question 33

What are the effects of heavy metals in water?

Accepted Answer

They can be toxic to aquatic life, accumulate in the food chain, and pose health risks to humans.

Answer

They are beneficial for aquatic life.

Answer

They have no effect on the environment.

Answer

They improve water quality.

Question 34

What is the role of bacteria in Secondary Sewage Treatment?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria break down organic matter in wastewater, further purifying it after primary treatment.

Answer

Bacteria filter out solid waste from the water.

Answer

Bacteria add nutrients to the water to promote plant growth.

Answer

Bacteria are used to chemically treat the water.

Question 35

What is the concept of a dose-response curve?

Accepted Answer

A graphical representation that shows the relationship between the dose of a substance and the magnitude of its effect on a population.

Answer

A method used to calculate the toxicity of a substance based on its chemical structure.

Answer

A statistical model used to predict the effects of drugs on individual patients.

Answer

A chart that displays the frequency of adverse effects in a clinical trial.

Question 36

What is LD 50 (Lethal Dose 50)?

Accepted Answer

A dose of a chemical that is lethal to 50 percent of a population, used to measure toxicity.

Answer

A measure of the effectiveness of a drug in treating a disease.

Answer

The amount of a substance that causes a 50% reduction in a biological function.

Answer

A standard measurement for the concentration of a chemical in the air.

Question 37

Identify one water parameter that could be measured in order to determine whether raw sewage is present in surface waterways (check all that apply)

Accepted Answer

Fecal coliform bacteria

Accepted Answer

turbidity

Answer

pH

Answer

temperature

Question 38

According to the World Health Organization, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are found in nearly all tested organism tissues and environmental samples. Which characteristic of POPs accounts for their presence in living tissues and in environmental samples?

Accepted Answer

POPs are released into the air, water, and land, which allows them to be transported and incorporated in multiple ways

Answer

POPs are lipophilic, which means that they can be stored in fatty tissues for long periods of time.

Answer

POPs are synthetic chemicals, so only humans and urban environments are exposed to the pollutants

Answer

POPs are organic compounds, so they can biodegrade easily and move through various experiments

Question 39

Which of the following strategies will best help to protect mangrove habitats?

Accepted Answer

Limiting coastal development and maintain a shoreline buffer zone

Answer

Increasing aquaculture operations to reduce overfishing

Answer

Increasing subsidies for hydroelectric dam construction

Answer

Encouraging land use changes in areas surrounding mangroves to shift to agriculture

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of incinerating waste?

Accepted Answer

It neutralizes all of the toxic materials

Answer

It reduces the material sent to landfills

Answer

It produces energy in the form of heat

Answer

It can be used to produce electricity

Question 41

Most of the municipal solid waste in the United States is

Accepted Answer

stored in landfills

Answer

recycled

Answer

incinerated

Answer

none of the above

Question 42

Which of the following are problems associated with landfills?

Accepted Answer

leachate and methane production

Answer

source reduction and composting

Answer

surface improvement and leachate

Answer

all of the above

Question 43

To prevent groundwater contamination, sanitary landfills are:

Accepted Answer

Lined with plastic and clay

Answer

Located far from populated areas

Answer

Covered with cement

Answer

Located on slopes so that water runs downhill

Question 44

What are the dangers of methane build up in landfills?

Accepted Answer

Highly flammable

Answer

Might be consumed by microorganisms

Answer

Can pollute local water supplies

Answer

Isn't naturally produced

Question 45

Which of the following is one advantage of using a landfill?

Accepted Answer

c. operates at low cost

Answer

a. discourages waste production

Answer

b. does not release greenhouse gases

Answer

d. prevents groundwater contamination

Question 46

Requires producers of hazardous waste to keep records of how their wastes are handled

Accepted Answer

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Answer

Oil Embargo Act

Answer

Superfund Act

Answer

Hazardous Storage Act

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