Earth Materials and Processes

What source of energy helps power the cycling of earth materials?

• Infrared energy

• Heat from the crust

• potential energy

• Heat from the sun and Earth's core

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

An igneous rock can be changed into a metamorphic rock, a metamorphic rock can crumble to become a sedimentary rock, and a sedimentary rock can be remelted to become magma. This is known as –

• The rock cycle

• The carbon cycle

• The geological cycle

• The Earth materials cycle

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

How can a metamorphic rock become a sedimentary rock?

• It is eroded into small bits that are deposited into igneous rocks.

• It cannot become a sedimentary rock.

• It can be weathered into small bits that are deposited, compacted, and cemented into a new rock form.

• It can be weathered into large bits that are carried downstream by water.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Which of the following processes is driven by the energy from Earth’s interior?

• Photosynthesis

• Melting of rock

• Beach erosion

• Decomposition

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Which of the following describes the most accurate way students can model how the earth’s surface is changed by a natural process?

• Heating water until it reaches the boiling point while measuring the temperature

• Pouring water over sand in a container on an incline so that it is carried and deposited at the bottom

• Placing rocks in a container of water to observe how the level of water in the container rises

• Freezing different volumes of water to determine the length of time needed for it to become solid

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

To be complete and accurate, a model of how material is cycled on the earth would need to include all of the following EXCEPT–

• radiation from the sun.

• heat from the earth’s interior.

• movement of air, water, and rock.

• position and motion of the earth.

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Energy from the sun has an effect on the rocky surface of the earth in which of the following processes?

• Formation of crystals as molten rock cools

• Erosion of rock surface

• Faulting and folding of rock layers

• Landforms created by tectonic plate movement

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What is the type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions?

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic
• Fossil Fuel

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

_____________ is the process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.

• Deposition
• Erosion
• Cementation
• Flinging

____________ is the chemical and physical processes that break down rock and other substances.

• Erosion
• Weathering
• Pollution
• Deposition 

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2