Schema Theory

Which of these traits were more likely to be assigned to the black athlete in Stone et al.'s study?

• played with hustle

• made intelligent plays

• made athletic plays

• more likely to cheat

Which of these was NOT a condition in Bransford and Johnson's study?

• Title before

• False title

• Title after

• No title

How was comprehension measured in Bransford and Johnson's study?

• reading test

• observation

• self-report

• it wasn't measured

In Bransford and Johnson's study, what were the average details recalled in the title before, after and no title conditions?

• 3,2,1

• 5.8, 2.6, 2.8 (out of 18)

• 18, 10, 8 (out of 18)

• 2.6, 3.6, 4.6 (out of 7)

A stereotype is a type of schema.

• True

• False

What was the aim of the study conducted by Cohen et al.?

• to see how prior knowledge can influence comprehension and memory

• to see how racial stereotypes influence the perception of information

• to see how prior knowledge can influence comprehension

• to see how job stereotypes influence the perception of information

Who concluded that schemas can improve comprehension and memory of new information because they enable us to relate new information to our existing knowledge of a subject?

• Stone et al.

• Cohen et al.

• Bransford and Johnson

Who conducted a study that can be used to show an effect of stereotypes (i.e. they may lead to confirmation bias, which could reinforce the existing stereotype, making them harder to change)?

• Cohen et al. and Cialdini et al.

• Stone et al. and Cohen et al.

• Bransford and Johnson

• Cohen et al. and Smith et al.

How many students participated in Stone et al.'s study?

• 96

• 51

• 91

• 56

The woman's job in Cohen at al.'s study was a teacher.

• False

• True