ss.7.c.1.1 Enlightenment Ideas

According to John Locke, which rights were guaranteed by natural law?

• A. freedom of worship and the right to petition
• B. life, liberty and property
• C. freedom of speech and of the press
• D. trial by jury and no cruel punishments

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According to John Locke, which agreement did individuals enter into to form their own society:

• A. constitution
• B. social contract
• C. Mayflower Compact
• D. English Bill of Rights

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Which thinker introduced the idea of a separation of powers for effective government?

• A. John Locke
• B. Baron de Montesquieu
• C. Thomas Paine
• D. Thomas Jefferson

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How was Locke's social contract theory related to his belief in natural law?

• A. He argued subjects had the right to rebel against a ruler who acted against natural law.
• B. He argued that whatever the king did was good according to natural law.
• C. He argued that natural law required the colonists to be given their independence.
• D. He argued that God had especially chosen kings to rule over their subjects as part of nature.

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What most attracted the Founding Fathers to Montesquieu's explanation of the separation of powers?

• Their separation could help prevent the central government from becoming tyrannical and oppressive.
• 'Their separation could protect the rights of the nobility from the actions of the king.
• Their separation could preserve the privileges of the monarch and nobles from popular attack.
• Their separation raised judicial power to a level of equality with legislative and executive power.

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Which statement describes the influence of natural-law beliefs on Enlightenment thinkers?

• They argued it was natural for subjects to obey established government.
• They questioned any practices that seemed to go against reason and natural law.
• They believed that royal power was natural because it was based on divine right.
• They claimed church teachings should not be challenged since the rested on natural law.

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