How does the map illustrate global diffusion of the French language from its cultural hearth in Paris?

The map shows how in many areas of the former French empire the language persists despite the independence of former colonies.

The map shows how French-language movies, music, and literature dominate global entertainment media.

The map shows how France was an ancient-culture hearth from which the French language spread through expansion diffusion.

The map shows how French civil servants established schools in many parts of the French colonial empire.

What's Local/Traditional culture?

Small, homogenous groups of people, often living in rural areas that are isolated and are unlikely to change

Large, heterogenous groups of people, often living in urban areas that are interconnected through globalization

Which of the following features is most useful for describing the cultural landscape shown in the image?

The French language on the banner hanging from the building

The ethnicity of the people in the image

The dragon that the people are holding

What's Global/Popular Culture?

Large, heterogenous groups of people, often living in urban areas that are interconnected through globalization

Small, homogenous groups of people, often living in rural areas that are isolated and are unlikely to change

What's Sense Of Place?

Unique attributes of a specific location

Attributes of a specific location that have no sense of place

What's Placelessness?

No sense of place. Uniform landscape

Unique attributes of a specific location

The photograph shows a road sign in the Republic of Ireland. Which of the following best describes the sign's significance within the cultural landscape?

The sign promotes the use of traditional language among citizens of the Republic of Ireland.

The sign indicates that County Cork is a linguistic region of the Republic of Ireland.

The sign delineates an international political border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

The sign promotes the use of a single language in the region.

What are Cultural Norms?

Agreed upon cultural practices or standards that guide the behavior of a culture

Behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture

What are Cultural Taboos?

Behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture

Agreed upon cultural practices or standards that guide the behavior of a culture

What is Ethnocentrism?

Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards and often includes the belief that one's own culture/ethnic group is better than others

An unbiased way of viewing another culture, which leads to the view that on one culture is superior to another when culture is compared

A natural landscape that has been modified by humans

The idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place

What is Cultural Relativism?

An unbiased way of viewing another culture, which leads to the view that on one culture is superior to another when culture is compared

Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards and often includes the belief that one's own culture/ethnic group is better than others

A natural landscape that has been modified by humans

The idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place

In the late nineteenth century, a large proportion of Swedish immigrants that came to the United States settled in rural areas of Minnesota. Descendants of these communities remain in Minnesota today, as shown on the map. Which of the following best describes the pattern of Swedish-American ethnicity within Minnesota’s cultural landscape?

A clustered pattern of Swedish ethnicity

A diffused pattern of Swedish ethnicity evenly distributed across the state

A Swedish ethnic majority in the northern half of the state

A Swedish ethnic majority throughout the state

What's Culture Landscape?

A natural landscape that has been modified by humans

Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards and often includes the belief that one's own culture/ethnic group is better than others

A natural landscape that has not been modified by humans

The idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place

Which of the following statements explains the regional location in the United States where the figures shown in the image are most likely part of the cultural landscape?

The Southwest, because residents are influenced by Spanish Catholicism.

The Northeast, because residents are influenced by British Protestantism.

The Southeast, because residents are influenced by traditional religions from West Africa.

The Great Plains, because residents are influenced by Native American traditional religions.

What is Sequent Occupancy?

The idea that societies or cultural groups leave their cultural imprints when they live in a place

Judging other cultures in terms of one's own standards and often includes the belief that one's own culture/ethnic group is better than others

A natural landscape that has not been modified by humans

A natural landscape that has been modified by humans

Is a sense of belonging or identity within a group of people bound by a common ancestry and culture.

The map shows the distribution of the language family that has the largest number of speakers in the world. Which statement correctly identifies the language family shown and the method of diffusion that best explains the pattern?

The map shows the distribution of the Indo-European language family, which diffused from its hearth in the Caucasus Mountains and spread throughout Eurasia through contagious diffusion and into the Americas, Africa, and Australia through colonialism and relocation diffusion.

The map shows the distribution of the Amerindian language family, which diffused from its hearth in Canada and spread southward into South America through contagious diffusion and into Europe and Asia through trade and hierarchal diffusion.

The map shows the distribution of the Sino-Tibetan language family, which diffused from its hearth in China and spread into Europe by contagious diffusion and to the Americas through stimulus diffusion.

The map shows the distribution of the Uralic language family, which diffused from its hearth in Iceland and spread into northern Europe through contagious diffusion by Norse trading groups.

What's a Ethnic Neighborhood/Enclaves ?

People of the same ethnicity that cluster together in a specific location

Sense of belonging or identity within a group of people bound by a common ancestry and culture

The state of California, often considered a hearth of environmental laws, will be the first state to ban plastic straws. Which of the following statements best describes the likely spread of this environmental practice?

Similar environmental laws will likely spread through stimulus diffusion to other states via political activism.

This practice will likely spread via hierarchical diffusion when the president of the United States signs an executive order banning plastic straws in all states.

This practice will likely spread via social media and stimulus diffusion when other states enact identical laws banning plastic straws.

As regional news organizations report on the ban, this practice will likely spread through contagious diffusion only to western states adjacent to California.

Which of the following best exemplifies the diffusion of popular culture throughout the world in contemporary society?

The spread of an Internet meme via social media applications

The increasing popularity of a fashion trend that originates in a large city, such as New York, and spreads to small rural towns

The spread of a religion through the migration of adherents of the religion

The increasing popularity of a new band that spends a year touring cities around the world

Which of the following best explains how Christianity became the dominant religion in the Philippines?

Christianity was brought to the Philippines through relocation diffusion when the Spanish colonized the Philippines in the sixteenth century.

Christianity entered the Philippines through the ministry of representatives from the Russian Orthodox church.

A secondary hearth for Christianity arose in the Philippines in the twelfth century, and since that time Christianity has remained the dominant religion in the Philippines.

Christianity entered the Philippines through contagious diffusion because of its proximity to Indonesia.

What are Ethnic Patterns?

Predictable distribution of ethnicities that can be examined at multiple scales

People of the same ethnicity that cluster together in a specific location

How are women typically viewed in traditional cultures?

The primary role of women is to have children

The primary role of women is to have a education and have children later on in life

Which of the following best explains the Internet’s homogenizing effect on global language patterns?

The English language is widely used on the Internet.

Social media applications commonly support dozens of different languages.

Many governments censor citizens’ Internet access.

An increasing number of Internet users communicate exclusively through emojis.

Which of the following statements best explains why English is the most widely spoken language in North America?

The English language initially diffused to North America through the process of relocation diffusion. A number of colonies were established and settled by people from Great Britain.

The English language diffused throughout North America through the process of hierarchical diffusion. The language was initially spoken in cities and was gradually adopted by people living in rural areas.

The English language diffused to North America through the process of contagious diffusion. Christian missionaries were responsible for the spread of the language among the indigenous population.

The English language became a widely spoken language in North America in the twentieth century. This primarily occurred as a way of unifying the immigrant populations in both the United States and Canada.

What are Gendered Spaces?

Places in the cultural landscape utilized to reinforced or accommodate gender roles for men and women

A location where women and men are together

What is Terrance Farming?

Practice of cutting flat areas out of mountains terrain in order to make it arable

Practice of planting corps in a row

Practice of cutting flat areas into swampy areas in order to make it arable

What is Traditional Architecture?

The environment and built with available local materials. Reflective of history, culture and climate

Diverse designs, representative of popular culture, business and economic

What is Postmodern Architecture?

Diverse designs, representative of popular culture, business and economic

The environment and built with available local materials. Reflective of history, culture and climate

What's Cultural Realm?

Areas of the world that share cultural traits such as language families, religious traditions, or shared history.

Characteristics that divide a country and create instability, conflict and violence

Characteristics that unity a country and provide stability

What are Centripetal Forces?

Characteristics that unite a country and provide stability

Characteristics that divide a country and create instability, conflict, and violence

What are Centrifugal Forces?

Characteristics that divide a country and create instability, conflict, and violence

Characteristics that unite a country and provide stability

The dominance of one country over another country through diplomacy or force

When a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/ or political gain

The assertion of political economic and cultural influence rather than occupation

When a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/ or political gain

The dominance of one country over another country through diplomacy or force

The assertion of political economic and cultural influence rather than occupation

What is Neocolonialism?

The assertion of political economic and cultural influence rather than occupation

The dominance of one country over another country through diplomacy or force

When a powerful country establishes settlements in a less powerful country for economic and/ or political gain

What is Pidgin Language?

An extremely simplified, limited non-native language used by two people that speak two different languages

A common language used by speakers of two diffrent languages for communication

Variations in accent, grammar, usage and spelling and develop out of geographic distance of isolation

Used by the government of a country for laws, reports, signs, public objects, money, stamps

What is Creole Language?

A pidgin language that develops into a new combined language with native speakers. Frequently developed though settings of colonization or slavery

A common language used by speakers of two diffrent languages for communication

Variations in accent, grammar, usage and spelling and develop out of geographic distance of isolation

Used by the government of a country for laws, reports, signs, public objects, money, stamps

What is Lingua Franca?