Ch. 4 Personal, Social, & Moral Development

Developmental researchers who believe in the importance of nature would MOST likely study which area of personal development?

• parenting styles

• peer influences

• temperament differences

• family structure

According to the Moreno text, which of the following is NOT an important step for teachers to follow when taking temperament diversity into account in the classroom?

• Teachers should assess and understand their own temperament.

• Group students of similar temperaments together for activities to promote cooperation.

• Evaluate the curriculum and teaching methods to ensure all temperaments are accommodated.

• Observe and record students’ behavior in order to recognize temperament differences.

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with being an authoritative parent?

• having his standards and expectations

• being loving and caring

• enforcing rules consistently

• being more like a friend than a parent

According to the Moreno text, children of divorce tend to have all of the following difficulties EXCEPT:

• They are more likely to relate to antisocial peers.

• They are more likely to engage in sexual activity at earlier ages.

• They are more likely to drop out of high school.

• They are more likely to be aggressive and disobedient.

Ray is typically quiet in the classroom and is shy in social settings or on the playground at recess. He only has one close friend, but is considered somewhat likeable by others. According to peer status research, Ray could be BEST categorized as

• popular

• average

• rejected

• neglected

When asked to describe herself, Margaret says, “I have brown hair, blue eyes, and own two dogs.” Based on research regarding the abstraction of self-concept, we could assume that Margaret is

• in middle school

• in elementary school

• an infant

• in college

Joaquin is a member of the school’s debate team. He is very proud of their state championship and his membership on the team has made him feel better about his overall academic abilities. This is an example of

• self-handicapping

• self-concept

• collective self

• peer pressure

In which of Erikson’s stages do children first begin to attend school and assert themselves in social situations?

• trust vs. mistrust

• initiative vs. guilt

• autonomy vs. shame

• intimacy vs. isolation

According to the Moreno text, which of the following is NOT a criticism or limitation of Erikson’s stage theory?

• Erikson’s stage theory depicted the development of males better than females.

• Erikson’s stage of identity development may occur later than predicted by Erikson.

• Erikson’s stage theory failed to consider the role of culture on development.

• Erikson’s intimacy crisis may occur later for females than for males.

Which of the following statements about Piaget’s theory of moral development is FALSE?

• Children in the heteronomous morality stage view rules as unchangeable.

• Children in the autonomous morality stage are typically also in the concrete operations stage.

• Children in the heteronomous morality stage expect automatic punishment for all rule-breaking.

• Children in the autonomous morality stage view rules as being extrinsically imposed by adults.