Thermal Energy Unit Review

What happens to molecules of a substance as its temperature increases?

• hot molecules mix with cold molecules in the substance

• the energy in the substance increases

• the energy in the substance decreases

• the cold energy in the substance decreases

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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What do the circles in the box represent?

• objects

• energy

• atoms

• molecules

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What do the numbers in the circles represent?

• objects

• energy

• atoms

• molecules

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What does the box around the circles represent?

• an object

• energy

• atoms

• molecules

The diagram in the image shows two pans before they touch each other. How does the temperature of the top pan compare with the temperature of the bottom pan?

• the temperatures are the same

• the top pan is hotter than the bottom pan

• the bottom pan is hotter than the top pan

• the bottom pan is cooler than the top pan

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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The diagram in the image shows two pans before they touch each other. What will happen after the pans have been touching for a while?

• The bottom pan will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the top pan until both pans are the same temperature

• The cooler top pan will gain kinetic energy until both pans have an energy of 70

• The top pan will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules  in the cooler bottom pan until both pans are the same temperature

• Both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two pans until both pans are the same temperature

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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The diagram in the image shows two pans before they touch each other. What will be the temperature of the pans after they have been touching for a while?

• 70

• 30

• 100

• 50

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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​ _____ is a balanced state in which a system is stable and energy will no longer transfer.

• equilibrium

• system

• temperature

• thermal energy

The diagram in the image shows two stacks of different pieces of plastic before they touch each other. After they have been touching for a while, which of the top plastic pieces will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller plastic piece will be cooler because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature

• The larger plastic piece will be cooler because it started with more energy, so less energy had to be transferred for both plastics to reach the same total energy

• The larger plastic piece will be cooler because the energy that transferred was spread out over more molecules

• Both plastics will be the same temperature because both bottom plastics had the same amount of energy to transfer

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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What is the difference between the molecules of cold water and hot water?

• The molecules of the hot water are moving and the molecules of the cold water are not moving

• The molecules of the hot water are moving faster than the molecules of the cold water

• The molecules of the cold water are moving faster than the molecules of the hot water

• The molecules of the cold water are smaller than the molecules of the hot water

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4