Quarter 3 Exam Review

What is the central idea of an informational text?

• the subject of the text, or what the text is mostly about

• the most important message the author wants to communicate

• the idea that comes in the exact middle of a text

• the text's title

How can details help support a central idea in an informational text? (Choose one.)

• Details provide evidence for opinions.

• Details provide superfluous information.

• Details provide a counterargument for the main idea.

• Details state the central idea directly.

How can details help support a central idea in an informational text? (Choose one.)

• Details are essential to the counter-argument.

• Details actually do not help support the central idea in an informational text.

• Details convey the most important content.

• Details can make a text engaging and interesting.

Based on the first two paragraphs of the article, “Conformity,”Links to an external site. by Charlotte Harrison:

Conformity, or acting the way most other people in one’s social group act, often grows out of a person’s desire for security and belonging in a group — usually a group of similar age, culture, religion, or educational background. Being different from the group carries the risk of social rejection, a deep fear of many people. The drive to conform is often particularly powerful for adolescents, for whom acceptance by peers can be a primary goal, but it affects people of all ages. However, some studies suggest that conformity decreases with age. 

Although the word often has a negative connotation, conformity is not necessarily a bad thing. People’s tendency to conform helps society function smoothly in many ways. For example, when drivers follow the rules of the road, it enables safe transportation. If the members of a team conform to the norms of interpersonal interaction, they enable effective communication and collaboration.

 

Which of the following best describes the central idea of “Conformity” by Charlotte Harrison?

• People who conform lack individual independence.

• Conforming is a conscious decision people make.

• People conform in order to fit in based on societal pressure.

• Societies can maintain order without any forms of conformity.

Read the passage from “Conformity” below and choose the best response to the prompt:

[3] Psychologist Herbert Kelman identified and labeled three major types of conformity. The first, compliance, occurs when a person conforms publicly but privately keeps his or her own original beliefs. People comply because of a need for approval from others and a fear of rejection. The second, identification, is conforming to a particular person whom one respects, such as a friend or family member. Identification is usually motivated by the role model’s perceived attractiveness or success. The third type of conformity, internalization, is when a person has actually absorbed a group’s belief system and sees it as truly their own, both publicly and privately. This is the most profound type of conformity and is likely to stay with people for a long time.

Part A: Conformity can be categorized…

• by friends and family members

• by approval, rejection, and attractiveness

• by public, private, and original beliefs

• by compliance, identification, and internalization

Social influence is not when our behavior is affected by the people around us.

• True

• False

Read the following passage from the article, “The Effect on Others,”Links to an external site. then respond to the question:

Sometimes, in confusing situations, we assume that other people know more than we do, so we follow their lead. That assumption might be right — but often it’s not. Say you’re walking by a building and see smoke coming out. Do you call 911? If other people look unconcerned, you might decide it’s not an emergency. But others may decide not to phone for help because you don’t look concerned. Scientists call this potential misinterpretation by a group pluralistic ignorance. It can lead to the bystander effect, where no one from a crowd steps forward to help in a situation where action is needed. It’s a paradox: the more people who witness an emergency, the less chance that any of them will act, because they’re all conforming to the group’s behavior. 

 

According to the article, “The Effect on Others,” what is the danger of the bystander effect?

• No one will act in a situation in which action is needed.

• People who witness an emergency will become attached to the victims.

• Someone will help, but only if they know the victim personally.

• Everyone will call for help at the same time, crashing 911.

What is literary point of view?

• where a story takes place

• who is telling a story

• who a story is about

• what a story is about

The place where the story happens and the time when it happens is called the...

• narrator

• theme

• setting

• plot

The act of setting forth the beginning of the story is referred to as:

• exposition

• dialogue

• climax

• conflict