Geography

Agrarian

• The revolution of biotechnology and the use of it in societies.

• People or societies that are farmers therefore promote agricultural interest ext. -Where agrarian people and societies are located is not generally near cities ext. but these types of people are essential to the way that we live and our ability to live in cities.

• Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm. -Allowed people to move away from farms- fueled industrial revolution

• The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

Agribusiness

• Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.

• The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for subsistence or economic gain.

• Domestication of animals for selling or using byproducts.

• The revolution of biotechnology and the use of it in societies.

Agricultural Industrialization

• The use of machinery in agriculture, like tractors ext.

• Through time nomadic people noticed the growing of plants in a cycle and began to domesticate them and use for there own use. Carl Sauer points out vegetative planting and seed agriculture as the original forms. He also points out that vegetative planting likely was originated in SE Asia and seed agriculture originated in W. India, N. China and Ethiopia.

• Harvesting twice a year from the same land

• When agencies such as the World Bank make a deal with third world countries that they will cancel their debt if the country will set aside a certain amount of their natural resources.

Agricultural landscape

• he Green Revolution has increased production to avoid widespread famine. Allowing the world population to grow about four billion since stared, also allowing populations in developing nations to consume 25% more than before. This increase in diets is questioned by the content in diets; Asian farmers are eating more rice than fish and other vegetables because they can rely on rice to grow efficiently.

• Precursor to Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, that allowed a shift in work force beyond subsistence farming to allow labor to work in factories. Started in United Kingdom, Netherlands, and Denmark, especially with the Enclosure Act, which consolidated land in Great Britain. Potatoes and corn diffused from America’s to Europe, and other resources followed from colonial possessions to Europe.

• Maize, wheat, and rice are the most produced grains produced world wide, accounting for 87% of all grains and 43% of all food. Maize staple food of North America, South American, Africa, and livestock worldwide, wheat is primary in temperate regions, and rice in tropical regions.

• The land that we farm on and what we choose to put were on our fields.

Agricultural Origins

• The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for subsistence or economic gain.

• Through time nomadic people noticed the growing of plants in a cycle and began to domesticate them and use for there own use. Carl Sauer points out vegetative planting and seed agriculture as the original forms. He also points out that vegetative planting likely was originated in SE Asia and seed agriculture originated in W. India, N. China and Ethiopia.

• Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.

• Using living organisms in a useful way to produce commercial products like pest resistant crops.

Agriculture

• The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

• The deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth’s surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for subsistence or economic gain.

• The cultivation of aquatic organisms especially for food

• Regions were there is agricultural activity

Animal Domestication

• Domestication of animals for selling or using byproducts.

• Tillage between rows of crops of plants.

• The small scale production of fruits, vegetables, and flowers as cash crops sold directly to local consumers. Distinguishable by the large diversity of crops grown on a small area of land, during a single growing season. Labor is done manually

• Characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than alongside other farmers in the area.

aquaculture

• a plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market

• Based on herding domesticated animals

• Use many fields for crop growing each field is used for a couple years then left fallow for a relatively long time.

• The cultivation of aquatic organisms especially for food

Biorevolution

• The destruction of the environment for the purpose of farming. (Using pesticides that drain in to the water and soil and pollute them overuse of land causing the desert like conditions of desertification (dust bowl). -Doing harm to the environment through pesticides and causing desertification have horrible long term effect on humans and their future.

• Using living organisms in a useful way to produce commercial products like pest resistant crops.

• The revolution of biotechnology and the use of it in societies.

• Diffusion of agriculture across the globe.

Biotechnology

• Characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than alongside other farmers in the area.

• Green Revolution’ Rapid diffusion of new agricultural techniques between 1970’s and 1980’s, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers. Has caused agricultural productivity at a global scale to increase faster than population growth.

• Using living organisms in a useful way to produce commercial products like pest resistant crops.

• Farmers need tractors, irrigation pumps, and other machinery to make the most effective use of the new miracle seeds. Farmer’s in LDC’s cannot afford this machinery or the fuel to run the equipment, so governments must allocate funds to subsidizing the cost of seeds, fertilizers and machinery.