Unit 4 Lesson 5 - Earthquakes Study Game

During the year 2003, the number of earthquakes that occurred was higher than usual. The map shows the locations of some of these earthquakes.

Where did the highest concentration of earthquakes occur?

• within the ocean basins

• within the continental landmasses

• along the edges of the Pacific Ocean

• along the edges of the Atlantic Ocean

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During the year 2003, the number of earthquakes that occurred was higher than usual. The map shows the locations of some of these earthquakes.

What is the most likely reason that there were no major earthquakes recorded in the interior of the continent

of Africa?

• There are no faults in Africa

• The plate boundary inside Africa is too small to form earthquakes.

• The landmass of Africa is too great to be affected by earthquakes.

• The entire continent of Africa is located on a single continental tectonic plate.

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Which type of stress causes deformation that leads to earthquakes at converging plate boundaries?

• tension

• stretching

• shear stress

• compression

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How does distance from the epicenter of an earthquake change the earthquake’s effects?

• The strongest effects are at the epicenter.

• The strongest effects are felt furthest from the epicenter.

• The strongest effects are felt in a line extending north and south from the epicenter.

• The strongest effects are in a ring surrounding the epicenter with a radius of several

  miles.

Why do most earthquakes take place at tectonic plate boundaries?

• The rock in the interior of a tectonic plate is stronger, so it does not deform.

• Earthquakes take place where the motion of tectonic plates transfers energy to rock.

• Earthquakes can only occur at places where magma can reach the surface and transfer

  energy to rocks.

• Earthquakes take place when one plate moves over another plate, which happens only at

  plate boundaries.

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On December 26, 2004, a major tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami traveled from its point of origin to as far away as Africa—nearly 5,000 km. The map below shows the countries most affected by this tsunami.

What was the cause of this tsunami?

• an earthquake beneath the ocean

• the impact of a large meteorite in the ocean

• a sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water

• a typhoon moving from the Indian Ocean toward India

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Many fault lines are obvious at the surface. How can the epicenter of an earthquake be located miles away from the fault line?

• The epicenter is the place of greatest damage, and it can be miles from the site of the

  earthquake.

• The earthquake happened at a place where there is no fault, so the epicenter is not near a fault line.

• Some large earthquakes have more than one epicenter, and these epicenters can be far

  from the fault line.

• The fault line does not extend straight down from the surface, so the focus is not directly

  beneath the point where the fault reaches the surface.

What causes an earthquake to happen?

• Surface rocks move suddenly as a result of physical stress.

• Rocks along an underground fault move suddenly and release energy.

• Large amounts of rock suddenly shift downward when large holes form under them.

• Energy is transferred to rock layers from convection currents in the oceans and the

  atmosphere.

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Which of the following events can produce an earthquake?

• the force of tsunamis in the oceans

• movement of tectonic plates along a fault

• a sudden release of energy from the mantle

• the violent shaking of sections of the lithosphere

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During the year 2003, the number of earthquakes that occurred was higher than usual. The map below shows the locations of some of these earthquakes.

Why do the dots on the map tend to form a long curving line in the western part of the Pacific Ocean?

• This part of the ocean has a high rate of hurricanes and typhoons.

• That part of the ocean is directly above the boundaries between tectonic plates.

• An increase in the number of tsunamis in the Pacific led to an increase in the number of

  earthquakes.

• There is pressure on the sea floor due to the weight of water of the Pacific Ocean.

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