SCM muscle

What is the primary function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Flexion of the head and neck
• B. Extension of the head and neck
• C. Rotation of the head and neck
• D. Lateral flexion of the head and neck

Which cranial nerves are responsible for innervating the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Facial nerve (VII)
• B. Accessory nerve (XI)
• C. Vagus nerve (X)
• D. Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

Which of the following muscles is a synergist of the sternocleidomastoid muscle during neck flexion?

• A. Trapezius
• B. Levator scapulae
• C. Scalene muscles
• D. Longus capitis

Which muscles are involved in the lateral flexion of the neck, along with the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Trapezius and scalene muscles
• B. Longus capitis and longus colli muscles
• C. Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis muscles
• D. Levator scapulae and rhomboid muscles

Which artery supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Common carotid artery
• B. External carotid artery
• C. Internal carotid artery
• D. Vertebral artery

Which of the following conditions can cause tightness or spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Torticollis
• B. Bell's palsy
• C. Trigeminal neuralgia
• D. Multiple sclerosis

Which of the following is a common cause of injury to the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Whiplash injury
• B. Carpal tunnel syndrome
• C. Tennis elbow
• D. Plantar fasciitis

What is the origin of the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

• A. Sternal manubrium
• B. Clavicle
• C. Sternum
• D. Mastoid process

Which of the following muscles is antagonistic to the sternocleidomastoid muscle during neck rotation?

• A. Scalene muscles
• B. Splenius capitis
• C. Longus capitis
• D. Semispinalis capitis

Which nerve passes through the sternocleidomastoid muscle before branching into the supraclavicular and great auricular nerves?

• A. Accessory nerve (XI)
• B. Facial nerve (VII)
• C. Hypoglossal nerve (XII)
• D. Spinal accessory nerve (SAN)