Chapter 12: Industrial Age Review

In the late 1800s, how did the growth of industrialization affect American society?

• percentage of Americans living in cities increased

• population centers shifted from the northeast to the south

• the disappearance of the family farm disappeared

• percentage of Americans living in cities decreased

Why were railroads so important during this time?

• they moved goods more quickly and less expensively over greater distances
• they were fun to ride on to go visit family in other states
• people could ride on railroads to get to their jobs in another city

What is the movement from rural to urban areas called?

• Moving
• colonization
• inflation
• urbanization

In the late 19th century, inventions such as the mechanized reaper and the steel plow made farming more efficient. What impact did the introduction of farm machinery have on American farms in the 19th century?

• More workers were needed to run the new machines.

• Large farms increased their output and supplied food to eastern cities.

• Wages for unskilled farm workers increased.

• The high cost of the machines made farming unprofitable.

A reason some businesses hired children was:

• To provide the children a bright future and opportunities

• So they could save money by paying the children less money

• So the children could take care of the heavy labor required for their business

• To improve their public image

Who was the father of the American Industrial Revolution?

• Samuel Slater

• Moses Brown

• Andrew Carnegie

Interchangeable parts were developed by _____ _____.

• Eli Whitney

• Thomas Edison

• Robert Fulton

Why were factories often located near rivers?

• They needed to use a watermill for power.

• They needed to use the river for dumping waste.

• They needed to use the river for drinking.

• They needed to use a water wheel for washing textiles.

Working in fields often picking cotton and very long hours doing difficult work would be a characteristic of slave life in _______.

• plantations

• small farms

• cities

Who improved the steamboat by making it faster and more efficient?

• Robert Fulton

• Samuel Slater

• Eli Whitney