US History Vocabulary Period 7

The Influence of Sea Power Upon History

• 1908 - Supreme Court upheld Oregon state restrictions on the working hours of women as justified by the special state interest in protecting women's health
• Written by Alfred Thayer Mahan in 1890. It details the role of sea power during the 17th and 18th century, and discusses the various factors needed to support and achieve sea power, with emphasis on having the largest and most powerful fleet. This ideology eventually led to the naval arms race before WWI
• Organization formed in 1898 to oppose American annexation of the Philippines and American imperialism in general; focused the public on the potential financial, military, and especially moral costs of imperialism
• Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages

McKinley Tariff

• Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling
• Movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
• Included Russia, United States, Britain and France
• 1890 tariff that raised protective tariff levels by nearly 50%, making them the highest tariffs on imports in the United States history

Yellow Journalism

• Reform of the late 19th and early 20th centuries that sought to make government more democratic
• Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
• The peace conference that decided the terms of WWI peace and Treaty of Versailles
• (Industrial Workers of the World) A labor organization for unskilled workers, formed by a group of radical unionists and socialists in 1905

De Lôme Letter

• Made it illegal for americans to speak disloyaly about the US government, constitution, or flag
• Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War
• Journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics in order to bring about reform
• Spanish Ambassador's letter that was illegally removed from the U.S. Mail and published by American newspapers. It criticized President McKinley in insulting terms. Used by war hawks as a pretext for war in 1898

U.S.S. Maine

• Slogan describing TR's Roosevelt corollary. Comes from the phrase, "speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far." emphasis on military preparedness; willingness to use military force to achieve foreign policy goals
• Journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics in order to bring about reform
• 26th President, from 1901-1909, passed two acts that purified meat, took over in 1901 when McKinley was shot, Went after trusts, formed the "Bull Moose Party", wanted to build the Panama canal.
• Ship that explodes off the coast of Cuba in Havana harbor and helps contribute to the start of the Spanish-American War

Teller Amendment

• Senators who voted against the League of Nations with or without reservations
• Law that authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to order meat inspections and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption
• German submarines used in World War I
• Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war

George Dewey

• Included Russia, United States, Britain and France
• A United States naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War, U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines
• Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble
• Ship canal cut across the isthmus of Panama by United States, it opened in 1915

Platt Amendment

• Law which punished people for aiding the enemy or refusing military duty during WW1
• 1-wanted to preserve/not change the environment. 2-wanted to limit the amount of changes. created a fight in California over a dam.
• Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble
• Journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics in order to bring about reform

Anti-Imperialist League

• Leader of the American Railway Union, he voted to aid workers in the Pullman strike. He was jailed for six months for disobeying a court order after the strike was over
• A 1906 novel written by the American journalist and novelist Upton Sinclair. Wrote about health violations and unsanitary practices in the American meatpacking industry during the early 20th century, based on an investigation he did for a socialist newspaper.
• Organization formed in 1898 to oppose American annexation of the Philippines and American imperialism in general; focused the public on the potential financial, military, and especially moral costs of imperialism
• Halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling

Foraker Act

• Ended military rule and set up a civil government in Puerto Rico
• A world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. Essentially powerless, it was officially dissolved in 1946
• Created by the leaders victorious allies Nations: France, Britain, US, and signed by Germany to help stop WWI. The treaty 1)stripped Germany of all Army, Navy, Airforce. 2) Germany had to rapair war damages(33 billion) 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing WWI 4) Germany could not manefacture any weapons
• It was headed by George Creel. The purpose of this committee was to mobilize people's minds for war, both in America and abroad. Tried to get the entire U.S. public to support U.S. involvement in WWI. Creel's organization, employed some 150,000 workers at home and oversees. He proved that words were indeed weapons