Standards 2 and 3 Vocab Quiz

Match the following

• Amino Acids

• Molecules considered the "building blocks" of proteins.

• Chromosome

• A set of 3 nucleotides on the mRNA molecule.

• Codon

• The use of biological processes, organisms, or systems to manufacture products intended to improve the quality of human life.

• Central Dogma

• The idea that the process of building proteins only goes in the specific order of DNA ➡ RNA ➡ Protein.

• Biotechnology

• A structure in the nucleus of a cell that is formed of genetic material.

Tags

SB2

Match the following

• Ethics

• The standards that determine a scientist's behavior, whether right or wrong.

• Double Helix

• The "twisted ladder" shape of DNA

• DNA Fingerprinting

• The insertion of genes into an individual's cells in an effort to treat hereditary, genetic disesases.

• Deletion

• A technique used to distinguish between individuals of the same species using their DNA.

• Gene Therapy

• A mutation caused by the loss of chromosomal segment.

Tags

SB2

Match the following

• Meiosis

• An organism that has had its genetic code altered through biotechnology for the purpose of giving it traits of other organsims.

• mRNA

• The idea of biodiversity within a species achieved through meiosis.

• Mutation

• A process that generates 4 genetically unique cells; used mostly by multicellular organisms.

• Genetic Variation

• A random error in genetic code that can fall under the heading of "silent," "frameshift," or "chromosomal."

• Genetically Modified Organism

• A molecule that is a transcription of DNA and carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the to the ribosome.

Tags

SB2

Match the following

• Translation

• The process of generating a molecule of mRNA.

• Transgenic Organsim

• The failure of chromosomes to separate fully during meiosis; results in "trisomy" in offspring.

• Nondisjunction

• A nitrogenous base found only in RNA.

• Uracil

• An organism that contains recombinant DNA.

• Transcription

• The process of generating a protein from an mRNA molecule.

Tags

SB2

Match the following

• Heterozygous Genotype

• A genotype which contains two of the same alleles (either AA or aa).

• Alleles

• A type of heredity where offspring exhibit 2 dominant alleles (stripes or spots).

• Codominance

• Mendel's law that states that only one copy of a certain allele needs to be present in the genotype for that trait to show in the phenotype.

• Law of Dominance

• Alternative forms of genes (brown hair vs. blond hair).

• Homozygous Genotype

• A genotype which contains two different alleles (Aa).

Tags

SB3

Match the following

• Phenotype

• A type of heredity where the offspring will have a phenotype that is a blending of the two alleles (Red + White = Pink).

• Monohybrid Punnett Square

• A genetic cross represented by 4 squares that indicates the probability that offspring will receive a certain genotype.

• Law of Segregation

• Mendel's principle that states that sister chromatids separate from each other into individual gametes.

• Incomplete Dominance

• The physical appearance of offspring based on their genotype.

• Law of Independent Assortment

• Mendel's principle that states that homologous chromosomes will sort independently of each other (one combination in one offspring will not necessarily arise in another offspring from the same breeding pair).

Tags

SB3