Exam 2 Review (Ch 6-13)

Which of the following structures is independent of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells?

• Nuclear envelope

• Golgi apparatus

• Plasma membrane

• Chloroplast

Which of the following parameters is most likely to limit the maximum size of a cell?

• The volume of the endomembrane system

• The absence of a nucleus

• The number of mitochondria in the cytoplasm

• The ratio of surface area to volume of cytoplasm

Which of the following structures are found in plant, animal, and bacterial cells?

• Chloroplasts

• Mitochondria

• Ribosomes

• Lysosomes

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the nuclear pore complex found in eukaryotic cells?

• It synthesizes secreted proteins

• It regulates the movement of proteins and RNAs into and out of the nucleus

• It assembles ribosomes from raw materials that are synthesized in the nucleus

• It synthesizes the proteins required to copy DNA and make mRNA

A cell with a predominance of rough endoplasmic reticulum is most likely involved in which of the following processes?

• Producing large quantities of carbohydrates for storage in the vacuole

• Producing large quantities of carbohydrates to assemble an extensive cell wall matrix

• Producing large quantities of proteins for secretion

• Producing large quantities of proteins in the cytosol

Movement of amoebae across a surface requires which of the following activities by components of the cytoskeleton?

• Assembly of actin filaments to form bulges in the plasma membrane

• Reinforcement of the pseudopod with intermediate filaments

• Assembly of microtubule extensions that vesicles can follow in the direction of movement

• Localized contractions driven by myosin and microtubules

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through which of the following structures?

• tight junctions

• gap junctions

• desmosomes

• plasmodesmata

"According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, proteins of the membrane are mostly ________."

• spread in a continuous layer over the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane

• embedded in a lipid bilayer

• randomly oriented in the membrane, with no fixed inside-outside polarity"

• confined to the hydrophobic interior of the membrane

Which of the following statements best describes a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane?

• It exhibits specificity for a particular type of molecule

• It requires the expenditure of cellular energy to function.

• It has no hydrophobic regions.

• It works against a concentration gradient.

Which of the following results is most likely when a plant cell is submerged in a hypertonic solution?

• The cell will become flaccid.

• The cell will become turgid.

• The cell will burst.

• Plasmolysis will shrink the interior of the cell.