Spring 23 World History & Geography Midterm Review

What was the significance of the Long Parliament?

• It established a constitutional government.

• It led to the restoration of the monarchy.

• Its support of Oliver Cromwell created a dictatorship.

• Its struggles with Charles I led to the English Civil War.

The Declaration of Independence stated that governments were formed to

• ensure complete equality among all citizens.

• protect each individual's natural rights.

• protect the power of monarchs.

• provide a nation with stability.

In The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith argued that

• the free market should regulate business activity.

• freely elected governments should make economic decisions.

• government power should be divided into three branches.

• the state should regulate foreign trade to ensure national wealth.

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

• It revived the scientific thinking of ancient Greece and Rome.

• It undermined the authority of the Church.

• It encouraged people to use reason to solve problems.

• It proved the existence of natural rights.

What was the impact of the English Bill of Rights on the development of democracy in England?

• It ensured Parliament's total control over the monarchy.

• It made Parliament dependent upon the monarchy.

• It gave Parliament essential powers independent of the monarchy.

• It upheld the principle of social equality for all citizens.

Which of the following influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence?

• Montesquieu's theory of the social contract

• Locke's idea of popular sovereignty

• Voltaire's idea of an enlightened monarchy

• Hobbes's idea of the need for a powerful government

With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed?

• An enlightened absolute monarchy is the best way to ensure an orderly society.

• The Glorious Revolution violated the rights of the English people.

• People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights.

• Monarchy is necessary because people are naturally cruel and selfish.

Under the Constitution, a vital component of the U.S. government is

• an executive branch that has final authority over all decisions.

• a legislative branch whose members are picked by the president.

• the separation of powers among different branches of government.

• a judicial branch that can make laws.

Why was James I resistant to working with Parliament?

• He believed in the absolute power of kings.

• He disagreed with the policies of the prime minister.

• He wanted to strengthen the Church of England.

• He wanted to create a limited monarchy.

Joseph II was considered the most radical of the enlightened despots because he

• reorganized the Prussian government’s civil service and simplified laws.

• granted nobles a written charter of rights.

• expanded his empire and strengthened the monarchy.

• dealt directly with his subjects to understand their problems.