Anatomy & Physiology Upper GI

What body system is shown in the picture?

• Nervous System

• Skeletal System

• Respiratory System

• Digestive System

Which part of the digestive system is number 2?

• oesophagus

• stomach

• small intestine

• liver

Which part of the digestive system is number 3?

• oesophagus

• stomach

• small intestine

• liver

Which is the longest organ of digestive system in human body?

• Pancreatic duct

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Esophagus

Answer explanation

The length of the small intestine is 7 meters (22 feet) for digestion of fat and nutrients absorption which takes takes 3 - 6 hours and 80 % of water absorption. Iron absorption in duodenum and jejunum. Vitamin B12 and bile salt absorption in ileum

What is the role of mucus secreted by the stomach?

• To protect the lining of the stomach

• To kills the germs in the food

• To digest the protein

• To digest the fat

Which juice secreted by the organs in the alimentary canal plays an important role in the digestion of fats?

• Pancreatic juice, saliva

• Hydrochloric acid, mucus

• Bile juice, Pancreatic juice

• Saliva, hydrochloric acid

Which of the following organs has 3 layers of smooth muscle in its muscularis externa?

• small intestine

• esophagus

• stomach

• large intestine

The muscularis externa of the upper third of the esophagus has primarily

• skeletal muscle

• smooth muscle

• both skeletal and smooth muscle

What is the name of the part of the stomach attached to the oesophagus?

• Fundus

• Pylorus

• Cardia

• Pyloric sphincter

Answer explanation

Stomach is divided into five parts- cardia, fundus, body, pyloric part and pylorus

Cardia- this is the part of the stomach attached to the oesophagus. This is the area just distal to the z line

Fundus- this is the dilated portion to the left and superior to the cardiac orifice and is marked off from the remainder of the body by a plane passing horizontally through the cardiac orifice

Body- Lies between the fundus and pyloric antrum

Pyloric part- it consists of a wide portion, the antrum and a narrow portion, the pyloric canal. Incisura angularis (angular notch) is a sharp angulation of the lesser curvature. This indicates the junction of the body and pyloric part of the stomach.

Pylorus- this is a strong ring of smooth muscle, which controls the exit of stomach contents in the duodenum

Which of the following cells found in the stomach secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

• Parietal cells

• Goblet cells

• Chief cells

• Stomach cells