Unit 3, Lessons 1 & 2 Review

Earth formed in a swirling disk of matter surrounding the sun. As particles in the disk collided and stuck together, they grew larger and some eventually became planets. What force was responsible for the collisions between these particles?

• gravity

• solar radiation

• seismic waves

• radioactive decay

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Which of the following is a source of heat in Earth’s interior?

• earthquakes

• solar radiation

• seismic waves

• breakdown of unstable elements

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the crust and the mantle?

• The crust is denser than the mantle is.

• The crust is liquid and the mantle is solid.

• The crust is solid and the mantle is liquid.

• The crust is less dense than the mantle.

The depth of the boundary between the and the mantle varies from about 5 to 8 km under ocean basins and about 20 to 70 km under continents. How do scientists study the location of this boundary?

• They study the composition of meteorites.

• They study the behavior of seismic waves.

• They study the composition of volcanic rocks.

• They study the properties of Earth's magnetic field.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

During the Apollo space program, astronauts placed seismographs on the moon. Scientists used the data from these devices to create the graph above.

Based on the data, what can you conclude about the moon’s interior?

Hint: Think about what the waves travel fastest/slowest through.

• It is entirely solid.

• It is entirely molten.

• It has a solid outer layer and a molten core.

• It has a liquid outer core and a solid inner core.

In the early 1900s, a hypothesis was introduced that proposed a single large landmass broke into smaller landmasses and formed the continents, which drifted to their present locations. What is the name of this hypothesis?

• continental drift

• continental shift

• plate movement

• plate tectonics

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which layer of Earth does a tectonic plate ride on top of?

• asthenosphere

• outer core

• lithosphere

• inner core

There are long mountain belts that divide the sea floor and generate new sea floor as magma rises and erupts onto Earth’s surface. What are these mountain belts known as?

• magnetic poles

• mid-ocean ridges

• ocean trenches

• subduction zones

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which explanation best summarizes the hypothesis shown in the figure?

• The present continents will gradually move to form a single landmass called Pangaea.

• The continents were once a large landmass named Pangaea, which broke apart and gradually drifted to the present-day locations of the continents.

• The continents were once a large landmass, but the north and south magnetic poles pulled the continents apart toward the poles.

• The continents were once a large landmass, but the ocean levels rose, and these oceans separate today's continents.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which of the following explains how the theory of plate tectonics is most beneficial to society in terms of safety?

• helps explain why mountain ranges exist

• helps scientists to better understand fossil distribution

• helps locate areas that have a higher potential for earthquakes

• helps explain the presence of coal in non-tropical regions

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2